Etiologie

Cette étude de cohorte américaine incluant 152 958 participants évalue l'association entre le tabagisme et le risque de lymphome non hodgkinien

• The association between cigarette smoking and non-Hodgkin lymphoid neoplasms in a large US cohort study
  • Cancer Causes and Control, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)
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  Cette étude de cohorte américaine incluant 152 958 participants évalue l'association entre le tabagisme et le risque de lymphome non hodgkinien

  “The association between cigarette smoking and non-Hodgkin lymphoid neoplasms in a large US cohort study”

  • Diver, W.;Patel, Alpa;Thun, Michael;Teras, Lauren;Gapstur, Susan

  Purpose Results from studies of smoking and non-Hodgkin lymphoid neoplasms (NHL) are inconsistent. This study assessed whether this inconsistency might be due to the heterogeneous nature of the disease, to different relationships in subpopulations such as gender, or to chance. Methods We examined cigarette smoking status, initiation, intensity, and duration in relation to the risk of NHL, and subtypes of NHL in men and women from the American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort. From 1992 to 2007, 1,926 NHL cases were identified among 152,958 subjects. Extended Cox regression was used to compute multivariable rate ratios (RR) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI). Results The RR (95 % CI) for current smoking associated with NHL incidence in women was 1.37 (1.04–1.81) and in men was 0.88 (0.65–1.19). Among current smokers, there was a positive relationship between years smoked and risk of NHL in women ( p -trend < 0.01), but no association in men. In ...

  
  

Mots clés : Lymphome; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Tabac)

A partir des données du registre bavarois des cancers, cette étude allemande évalue le risque d'un second cancer primaire lié au tabac chez des personnes ayant déjà eu un premier cancer lié au tabac

• Risk of tobacco-related multiple primary cancers in Bavaria, Germany
  • BMC Cancer, Vol. 12 (1), pp. 250, 2012 (article en libre accès)
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  A partir des données du registre bavarois des cancers, cette étude allemande évalue le risque d'un second cancer primaire lié au tabac chez des personnes ayant déjà eu un premier cancer lié au tabac

  “Risk of tobacco-related multiple primary cancers in Bavaria, Germany”

  • Braisch, Ulrike;Meyer, Martin;Radespiel-Troger, Martin

  BACKGROUND:With the prospect of increasing prevalence of cancer, the issue of multiple primary cancers becomes more relevant. The aim of this study was to estimate the risk of developing a tobacco-related subsequent primary cancer (TRSPC) in persons with a tobacco-related first primary cancer (TRFPC) compared with the general population in Bavaria, Germany.METHODS:Using data from the Population-Based Cancer Registry Bavaria, we analyzed TRFPC and TRSPC diagnosed in Bavaria between 2002 and 2008 to estimate the relative and absolute risk of developing TRSPC using standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and excess absolute risks (EAR).RESULTS:121,631 TRFPC in men and 75,886 respective cancers in women were registered, which in 2.5% of male and 1.2% of female cancer patients were followed by at least one TRSPC. In both males and females, the highest increased risks compared to the general population were found within the group of cancer in the mouth/pharynx, oesophagus, larynx, and ...

  
  

Mots clés : Cancer (général); Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Tabac)

Menée aux Etats-Unis, cette étude (173 cas et 300 témoins) évalue l'association entre une infection cutanée par le papillomavirus humain et le risque de carcinome épidermoïde de la peau

• Case-control study of cutaneous human papillomaviruses in squamous cell carcinomas of the skin
  • Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)
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  Menée aux Etats-Unis, cette étude (173 cas et 300 témoins) évalue l'association entre une infection cutanée par le papillomavirus humain et le risque de carcinome épidermoïde de la peau

  “Case-control study of cutaneous human papillomaviruses in squamous cell carcinomas of the skin”

  • Iannacone, Michelle R.;Gheit, Tarik;Waterboer, Tim;Giuliano, Anna R.;Messina, Jane L.;Fenske, Neil A.;Cherpelis, Basil S.;Sondak, Vernon K.;Roetzheim, Richard G.;Michael, Kristina M.;Tommasino, Massimo;Pawlita, Michael;Rollison, Dana E.

  Background: Cutaneous human papillomavirus (HPV) infection may be a risk factor for squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (SCC). Methods: To investigate the association between cutaneous HPV and SCC, a case-control study was conducted, including 173 SCC cases from a university dermatology clinic and 300 controls that screened negative for skin cancer. Serum antibodies against cutaneous HPV types in genera alpha, beta, gamma, mu, and nu were measured. Tumor tissue from 159 SCC cases was tested for the presence of DNA for genus-beta HPV types. Using logistic regression odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for the associations between SCC and cutaneous HPV infection, adjusting for age and sex. The Bonferroni method was used to account for multiple comparisons. Results: SCC was positively associated with seropositivity to any genus-beta HPV type (OR=1.93, 95% CI=1.23-3.02), particularly with types in species-1 (OR=1.86; 95% CI=1.22-2.85). Type-specific ...

  
  

Mots clés : Peau (hors mélanome); Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Agents infectieux)

Menée en population française sur la période 2005-2008, cette étude (1 232 cas et 1 317 témoins) évalue l'association entre le travail de nuit et le risque de cancer du sein

• Night work and breast cancer: A population-based case-control study in France (the CECILE study)
  • International Journal of Cancer, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)
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  Menée en population française sur la période 2005-2008, cette étude (1 232 cas et 1 317 témoins) évalue l'association entre le travail de nuit et le risque de cancer du sein

  “Night work and breast cancer: A population-based case-control study in France (the CECILE study)”

  • Menegaux, Florence;Truong, Thérèse;Anger, Antoinette;Cordina-Duverger, Emilie;Lamkarkach, Farida;Arveux, Patrick;Kerbrat, Pierre;Févotte, Joëlle;Guénel, Pascal

  Night work involving disruption of circadian rhythm was suggested as a possible cause of breast cancer. We examined the role of night work in a large population-based case-control study carried out in France between 2005 and 2008. Lifetime occupational history including work schedules of each night work period was elicited in 1232 cases of breast cancer and 1317 population controls. Thirteen percent of the cases and eleven percent of the controls had ever worked on night shifts (OR = 1.27 [95% confidence interval = 0.99-1.64]). Odds ratios were 1.35 [1.01-1.80] in women who worked on overnight shifts, 1.40 [1.01-1.92] in women who had worked at night for 4.5 or more years, and 1.43 [1.01-2.03] in those who worked less than 3 nights per week on average. The odds ratio was 1.95 [1.13-3.35] in women employed in night work for more than 4 years before their first full-term pregnancy, a period where mammary gland cells are incompletely differentiated and possibly more susceptible to ...

  
  

Mots clés : Sein; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Autres)

Cette étude américaine (902 cas et 1 802 témoins) évalue l'association entre la prise de traitements médicamenteux de la stérilité et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire

• Use of fertility drugs and risk of ovarian cancer: results from a US-based case-control study
  • Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)
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  Cette étude américaine (902 cas et 1 802 témoins) évalue l'association entre la prise de traitements médicamenteux de la stérilité et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire

  “Use of fertility drugs and risk of ovarian cancer: results from a US-based case-control study”

  • Kurta, Michelle L.;Moysich, Kirsten B.;Weissfeld, Joel L.;Youk, Ada O.;Bunker, Clareann;Edwards, Robert P.;Modugno, Francesmary;Ness, Roberta B.;Diergaarde, Brenda

  Background: Previous studies examining associations between use of fertility drugs and ovarian cancer risk have provided conflicting results. We used data from a large case-control study to determine whether fertility drug use significantly impacts ovarian cancer risk when taking into account parity, gravidity, and cause of infertility. Methods: Data from the Hormones and Ovarian Cancer Prediction (HOPE) study were used (902 cases, 1802 controls). Medical and reproductive histories were collected via in-person interviews. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Models were adjusted for age, race, education, age at menarche, parity, oral contraceptive use, breastfeeding, talc use, tubal ligation, and family history of breast/ovarian cancer. Results: Ever use of fertility drugs was not significantly associated with ovarian cancer within the total HOPE population (OR: 0.93, 95%CI: 0.65-1.35) or among women who reported seeking medical ...

  
  

Mots clés : Ovaire; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Autres)

A partir des données de la cohorte "Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition" incluant 14 241 hommes sains, cette étude évalue l'association entre le niveau sanguin de cholestérol et le risque d'un cancer agressif de la prostate

• Plasma total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol and risk of aggressive prostate cancer in the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort
  • Cancer Causes and Control, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)
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  A partir des données de la cohorte "Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition" incluant 14 241 hommes sains, cette étude évalue l'association entre le niveau sanguin de cholestérol et le risque d'un cancer agressif de la prostate

  “Plasma total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol and risk of aggressive prostate cancer in the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort”

  • Jacobs, Eric;Stevens, Victoria;Newton, Christina;Gapstur, Susan

  Purpose Some recent studies have suggested that higher total cholesterol levels are positively associated with risk of aggressive prostate cancer. However, evidence about this association is limited and few studies examined cholesterol subfractions. We therefore examined associations of total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol concentrations with subsequent risk of aggressive prostate cancer within the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort. Methods A total of 14,241 men with no history of cancer provided a blood sample between 1998 and 2001. During follow-up through 2007, 236 of these men were diagnosed with aggressive prostate cancer (AJCC stage ≥ III or Gleason score ≥ 7 (4 + 3)). Plasma total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol concentrations were measured in these 236 cases and 236 age and race-matched controls. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression, adjusting for use of cholesterol-lowering drugs, ...

  
  

Mots clés : Prostate; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (12 études de cohorte), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre la taille de l'individu et le risque de cancer du pancréas

• Height and pancreatic cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies
  • Cancer Causes and Control, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)
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  A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (12 études de cohorte), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre la taille de l'individu et le risque de cancer du pancréas

  “Height and pancreatic cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies”

  • Aune, Dagfinn;Vieira, Ana;Chan, Doris;Navarro Rosenblatt, Deborah;Vieira, Rui;Greenwood, Darren;Cade, Janet;Burley, Victoria;Norat, Teresa

  Background Greater height has been associated with increased risk of several cancers, but epidemiological data on height and pancreatic cancer are inconclusive. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies to clarify these results. Methods PubMed and several other databases were searched up to September 2011. Prospective studies of height and pancreatic cancer were included. Summary relative risks were estimated by the use of a random effects model. Results We identified twelve cohort studies that were included in the meta-analysis. The summary RR per 5-cm increase in height was 1.07 (95 % CI: 1.03–1.12, I 2 = 57 %). The results were similar among men and women. The summary estimate was attenuated when we included results from two pooled analyses together with these studies, summary RR = 1.03 (95 % CI: 1.00–1.07, I 2 = 44 %). Conclusions This meta-analysis of cohort studies provides further evidence that greater adult attained height is associated with ...

  
  

Mots clés : Pancréas; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Cette étude marocaine (94 cas et 220 témoins) évalue l'association entre des polymorphismes des gènes EP300 et PCAF et le risque de carcinome hépatocellulaire

• Associations of genetic variants in the transcriptional coactivators EP300 and PCAF with hepatocellular carcinoma
  • Cancer Epidemiology, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)
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  Cette étude marocaine (94 cas et 220 témoins) évalue l'association entre des polymorphismes des gènes EP300 et PCAF et le risque de carcinome hépatocellulaire

  “Associations of genetic variants in the transcriptional coactivators EP300 and PCAF with hepatocellular carcinoma”

  • Akil, Abdellah;Ezzikouri, Sayeh;El Feydi, Abdellah Essaid;Benazzouz, Mustapha;Afifi, Rajaa;Diagne, Ama Gassama;Benjouad, Aziz;Dejean, Anne;Pineau, Pascal;Benjelloun, Soumaya

  Background and aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cause of death by cancer worldwide. In Morocco, HCC is characterized by few mutations and a mild chromosome instability suggesting that epigenetic changes may represent the driving force of tumorigenesis in the region. Recently, three studies looked for an association between EP300 or PCAF polymorphisms and cancer but there is a conspicuous lack of data regarding these histone acetyltransferase (HAT) variants and HCC development. The aim of the current study was to assess the impact of the Ile997Val in EP300 and Asn386Ser in PCAF polymorphisms on the risk of HCC. Materials and methods: We performed a case–control study comparing 94 cases with HCC and 220 matching controls. Sequencing methods were used to determine the genotype at the Ile997Val and Asn386Ser on EP300 and PCAF. Results: We found an overall association between genotypes Val/Val in EP300 and HCC risk (OR, 3.03; 95% CI, 1.08–8.47; P = 0.028). ...

  
  

Mots clés : Foie; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Menée sur 572 participants ayant subi un test génétique de susceptibilité à l'athérosclérose, cette étude de séquençage des exons met en évidence le taux de variants secondaires, ou fortuits, associés à une susceptibilité au cancer

• Secondary Variants in Individuals Undergoing Exome Sequencing: Screening of 572 Individuals Identifies High-Penetrance Mutations in Cancer-Susceptibility Genes
  • American journal of human genetics, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)
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  Menée sur 572 participants ayant subi un test génétique de susceptibilité à l'athérosclérose, cette étude de séquençage des exons met en évidence le taux de variants secondaires, ou fortuits, associés à une susceptibilité au cancer

  “Secondary Variants in Individuals Undergoing Exome Sequencing: Screening of 572 Individuals Identifies High-Penetrance Mutations in Cancer-Susceptibility Genes”

  • Johnston, Jennifer J.;Rubinstein, Wendy S.;Facio, Flavia M.;Ng, David;Singh, Larry N;Teer, Jamie K;Mullikin, James C;Biesecker, Leslie G

  Genome- and exome-sequencing costs are continuing to fall, and many individuals are undergoing these assessments as research participants and patients. The issue of secondary (so-called incidental) findings in exome analysis is controversial, and data are needed on methods of detection and their frequency. We piloted secondary variant detection by analyzing exomes for mutations in cancer-susceptibility syndromes in subjects ascertained for atherosclerosis phenotypes. We performed exome sequencing on 572 ClinSeq participants, and in 37 genes, we interpreted variants that cause high-penetrance cancer syndromes by using an algorithm that filtered results on the basis of mutation type, quality, and frequency and that filtered mutation-database entries on the basis of defined categories of causation. We identified 454 sequence variants that differed from the human reference. Exclusions were made on the basis of sequence quality (26 variants) and high frequency in the cohort (77 variants) ...

  
  

Mots clés : Cancer (général); Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Cet article présente un nouveau modèle d'interaction gènes-environnement dans lequel une exposition environnementale durant le développement induit, par reprogrammation épigénétique, une susceptibilité accrue au cancer à l'âge adulte

• Developmental reprogramming of cancer susceptibility
  • Nature Reviews Cancer, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)
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  Cet article présente un nouveau modèle d'interaction gènes-environnement dans lequel une exposition environnementale durant le développement induit, par reprogrammation épigénétique, une susceptibilité accrue au cancer à l'âge adulte

  “Developmental reprogramming of cancer susceptibility”

  • Walker, Cheryl Lyn;Ho, Shuk-mei

  Gene–environment interactions have been traditionally understood to promote the acquisition of mutations that drive multistage carcinogenesis, and, in the case of inherited defects in tumour suppressor genes, additional mutations are required for cancer development. However, the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHAD) hypothesis provides an alternative model whereby environmental exposures during development increase susceptibility to cancer in adulthood, not by inducing genetic mutations, but by reprogramming the epigenome. We hypothesize that this epigenetic reprogramming functions as a new type of gene–environment interaction by which environmental exposures target the epigenome to increase cancer susceptibility.

  
  

Mots clés : Cancer (général); Etiologie (Interactions gènes-environnement)

A partir des données de l'étude "Netherlands Cohort Study" (58 279 hommes âgés de 55 à 69 ans), cette étude analyse et compare l'efficacité d'une évaluation par des experts au cas par cas et d'une matrice emploi-exposition pour estimer l'exposition professionnelle à des agents cancérogènes

• Comparison of expert and job-exposure matrix-based retrospective exposure assessment of occupational carcinogens in the Netherlands Cohort Study
  • Occupational and Environmental Medicine, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)
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  A partir des données de l'étude "Netherlands Cohort Study" (58 279 hommes âgés de 55 à 69 ans), cette étude analyse et compare l'efficacité d'une évaluation par des experts au cas par cas et d'une matrice emploi-exposition pour estimer l'exposition professionnelle à des agents cancérogènes

  “Comparison of expert and job-exposure matrix-based retrospective exposure assessment of occupational carcinogens in the Netherlands Cohort Study”

  • Offermans, Nadine S M;Vermeulen, Roel;Burdorf, Alex;Peters, Susan;Goldbohm, R Alexandra;Koeman, Tom;van Tongeren, Martie;Kauppinen, T;Kant, Ijmert;Kromhout, Hans;van den Brandt, Piet A

  Objectives Reliable retrospective exposure assessment continues to be a challenge in most population-based studies. Several methodologies exist for estimating exposures retrospectively, of which case-by-case expert assessment and job-exposure matrices (JEMs) are commonly used. This study evaluated the reliability of exposure estimates for selected carcinogens obtained through three JEMs by comparing the estimates with case-by-case expert assessment within the Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS).Methods The NLCS includes 58 279 men aged 55–69 years at enrolment in 1986. For a subcohort of these men (n=1630), expert assessment is available for exposure to asbestos, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and welding fumes. Reliability of the different JEMs (DOMJEM (asbestos, PAHs), FINJEM (asbestos, PAHs and welding fumes) and Asbestos JEM (asbestos) was determined by assessing the agreement between these JEMs and the expert assessment.Results Expert assessment revealed the lowest ...

  
  

Mots clés : Cancer (général); Etiologie (Ressources et infrastructures (Etiologie))