Prévention

Comportements individuels

Menée à partir de données auto-rapportées portant sur 2 588 frères et sœurs adultes ayant survécu à un cancer pédiatrique depuis plus de 5 ans et auprès de 43 704 témoins, cette étude transversale américaine analyse leurs pratiques en matière de dépistage et de prévention du cancer de la peau ou du col de l'utérus puis identifie les facteurs qui influencent ces pratiques

Cancer Prevention and Screening Practices of Siblings of Childhood Cancer Survivors: A Report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
• Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)

Détails

Fermer
Menée à partir de données auto-rapportées portant sur 2 588 frères et sœurs adultes ayant survécu à un cancer pédiatrique depuis plus de 5 ans et auprès de 43 704 témoins, cette étude transversale américaine analyse leurs pratiques en matière de dépistage et de prévention du cancer de la peau ou du col de l'utérus puis identifie les facteurs qui influencent ces pratiques

“Cancer Prevention and Screening Practices of Siblings of Childhood Cancer Survivors: A Report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study”

• Buchbinder, D.;Mertens, A. C.;Zeltzer, L. K.;Leisenring, W.;Goodman, P.;Lown, E. A.;Alderfer, M. A.;Recklitis, C.;Oeffinger, K.;Armstrong, G. T.;Hudson, M.;Robison, L. L.;Casillas, J.

BACKGROUND: To compare the skin and breast/cervical cancer prevention/screening practices of adult siblings of childhood cancer survivors with controls and to identify modifying factors for these practices.METHODS: Cross-sectional, self-report data from 2,588 adult siblings of 5+ year survivors of childhood cancer were analyzed to assess cancer prevention/screening practices. Two age, sex, and race/ethnicity-matched samples (N = 5,915 and N = 37,789) of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System participants served as the comparison populations. Sociodemographic and cancer-related data were explored as modifying factors for sibling cancer prevention/screening practices through multivariable logistic regression.RESULTS: Compared with controls, siblings were more likely to practice skin cancer prevention behaviors: use of protective clothing [OR, 2.85; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.39-3.39], use of shade (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.88-2.36), use of sunscreen (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, ...

Mots clés : Cancer (général); Prévention (Comportements individuels)

Chimioprévention

Menée sur une lignée cellulaire de carcinome épidermoïde de la tête et du cou et à l'aide d'un modèle murin, cette étude évalue la toxicité et l'effet chimiopréventif du polyéthylène glycol, administré quotidiennement par voie topique, sur l'expression du récepteur EGFR et le processus carcinogène de la cavité buccale

Topical Polyethylene Glycol as a Novel Chemopreventive Agent for Oral Cancer via Targeting of Epidermal Growth Factor Response
• PLoS ONE, Vol. 7 (6), pp. e38047, 2012 (article en libre accès)

Détails

Fermer
Menée sur une lignée cellulaire de carcinome épidermoïde de la tête et du cou et à l'aide d'un modèle murin, cette étude évalue la toxicité et l'effet chimiopréventif du polyéthylène glycol, administré quotidiennement par voie topique, sur l'expression du récepteur EGFR et le processus carcinogène de la cavité buccale

“Topical Polyethylene Glycol as a Novel Chemopreventive Agent for Oral Cancer via Targeting of Epidermal Growth Factor Response”

• Wali, Ramesh K.;Kunte, Dhananjay P.;De La Cruz, Mart;Tiwari, Ashish K.;Brasky, Jeffrey;Weber, Christopher R.;Gibson, Tina P.;Patel, Amir;Savkovic, Suzana D.;Brockstein, Bruce E.;Roy, Hemant K.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality underscoring the need for safe and effective chemopreventive strategies. Targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is attractive in that it is an early critical event in HNSCC pathogenesis. However, current agents lack efficacy or have unacceptable toxicity. Several groups have demonstrated that the over-the-counter medication, polyethylene glycol (PEG) has remarkable chemopreventive efficacy against colon carcinogenesis. Importantly, we reported that this effect is mediated through EGFR internalization/degradation. In the current study, we investigated the chemopreventive efficacy of this agent against HNSCC, using both the well validated animal model 4-NQO (4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide) rat model and cell culture with the human HNSCC cell line SCC-25. We demonstrated that daily topical application of 10% PEG-8000 in the oral cavity (tongue and cavity wall) post 4NQO initiation resulted in a ...

Mots clés : Voies aérodigestives supérieures; Prévention (Chimioprévention)

Menée sur deux lignées cellulaires de cancer du sein et à l'aide d'un modèle murin, cette étude montre que les acides gras polyinsaturés oméga-3 peuvent, en ciblant les microARNs 21, réguler l'expression du facteur CSF-1, impliqué dans les processus carcinogènes et métastatiques

miR-21 is Targeted By Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid to Regulate Breast Tumor CSF-1 Expression
• Carcinogenesis, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)

Détails

Fermer
Menée sur deux lignées cellulaires de cancer du sein et à l'aide d'un modèle murin, cette étude montre que les acides gras polyinsaturés oméga-3 peuvent, en ciblant les microARNs 21, réguler l'expression du facteur CSF-1, impliqué dans les processus carcinogènes et métastatiques

“miR-21 is Targeted By Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid to Regulate Breast Tumor CSF-1 Expression”

• Mandal, Chandi C;Ghosh-Choudhury, Triparna;Dey, Nirmalya;Ghosh Choudhury, Goutam;Ghosh-Choudhury, Nandini

Increasing evidence show the beneficial effects of fish oil on breast cancer growth and invasion in vitro and in animal models. Expression of CSF-1 (colony stimulating factor-1) by breast cancer cells acts as potent activator of malignancy and metastasis. In this report, we used two human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 to show that the bioactive fish oil component DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) inhibits expression of CSF-1 and its secretion from these cancer cells. We found that the tumor suppressor protein PTEN regulates CSF-1 expression through PI 3 kinase/Akt signaling via a transcriptional mechanism. The enhanced abundance of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in breast cancer cells contributes to the growth and metastasis. Interestingly, DHA significantly inhibited expression of miR-21. miR-21 Sponge, which derepresses the miR-21 targets, markedly decreased expression of CSF-1 and its secretion. Furthermore, miR-21-induced upregulation of CSF-1 mRNA and its transcription were ...

Mots clés : Sein; Prévention (Chimioprévention)

Menée sur 68 019 participantes ménopausées dont 3 401 atteintes d'un diabète, cette étude évalue l'association entre l'utilisation de metformine et le risque de cancer du sein (3 273 cas)

Diabetes, Metformin, and Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women
• Journal of Clinical Oncology, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)

Détails

Fermer
Menée sur 68 019 participantes ménopausées dont 3 401 atteintes d'un diabète, cette étude évalue l'association entre l'utilisation de metformine et le risque de cancer du sein (3 273 cas)

“Diabetes, Metformin, and Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women”

• Chlebowski, Rowan T.;McTiernan, Anne;Wactawski-Wende, Jean;Manson, JoAnn E.;Aragaki, Aaron K.;Rohan, Thomas;Ipp, Eli;Kaklamani, Virginia G.;Vitolins, Mara;Wallace, Robert;Gunter, Marc;Phillips, Lawrence S.;Strickler, Howard;Margolis, Karen;Euhus, David M.

Purpose Emerging evidence suggests that metformin may reduce breast cancer incidence, but reports are mixed and few provide information on tumor characteristics. Therefore, we assessed associations among diabetes, metformin use, and breast cancer in postmenopausal women participating in Women's Health Initiative clinical trials.Patients and Methods In all, 68,019 postmenopausal women, including 3,401 with diabetes at study entry, were observed over a mean of 11.8 years with 3,273 invasive breast cancers diagnosed. Diabetes incidence status was collected throughout follow-up, with medication information collected at baseline and years 1, 3, 6, and 9. Breast cancers were confirmed by review of central medical records and pathology reports. Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusted for breast cancer risk factors, compared breast cancer incidence in women with diabetes who were metformin users or nonusers with breast cancer incidence in women without diabetes.Results Compared with ...

Mots clés : Sein; Prévention (Chimioprévention)

Menée sur une lignée cellulaire humaine de cancer de la prostate et à l'aide d'un modèle murin, cette étude évalue l'effet chimiopréventif d'un flavonoïde, l'ampélopsine, sur la croissance tumorale et le processus métastatique

Flavonoid Ampelopsin Inhibits the Growth and Metastasis of Prostate Cancer In Vitro and in Mice
• PLoS ONE, Vol. 7 (6), pp. e38802, 2012 (article en libre accès)

Détails

Fermer
Menée sur une lignée cellulaire humaine de cancer de la prostate et à l'aide d'un modèle murin, cette étude évalue l'effet chimiopréventif d'un flavonoïde, l'ampélopsine, sur la croissance tumorale et le processus métastatique

“Flavonoid Ampelopsin Inhibits the Growth and Metastasis of Prostate Cancer In Vitro and in Mice”

• Ni, Feng;Gong, Yi;Li, Linglin;Abdolmaleky, Hamid M.;Zhou, Jin-Rong

The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemopreventive effect of a novel flavonoid, ampelopsin (AMP) on the growth and metastasis of prostate cancer cells. AMP showed the more potent activity in inhibiting the proliferation of androgen-sensitive LNCaP and, to less extent, androgen-independent PC-3 human prostate cancer cell lines in vitro, primarily by induction of apoptosis associated with down-regulation of bcl-2. On the other hand, AMP showed much less activity in inhibiting the proliferation of normal prostate epithelial cells than that of prostate cancer cell lines. AMP also inhibited the migration and invasion of PC-3 cells in vitro associated with down-regulation of CXCR4 expression. In the animal study using an orthotopic prostate tumor model, AMP (150 and 300 mg/kg body weight) inhibited the growth of PC-3 tumors and lymph node and lung metastases in a dose-dependent manner. Compared to the control mice, mice treated with AMP at 300 mg/kg BW had reduced final tumor ...

Mots clés : Prostate; Prévention (Chimioprévention)

Menée sur une cohorte multiethnique de 64 000 femmes, cette étude américaine évalue l'association entre l'utilisation d'anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire ou de l'endomètre (895 cas ; durée de suivi : 13,3 ans)

Use of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Risk of Ovarian and Endometrial Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort
• Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)

Détails

Fermer
Menée sur une cohorte multiethnique de 64 000 femmes, cette étude américaine évalue l'association entre l'utilisation d'anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire ou de l'endomètre (895 cas ; durée de suivi : 13,3 ans)

“Use of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Risk of Ovarian and Endometrial Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort”

• Setiawan, Veronica Wendy;Matsuno, Rayna K.;Lurie, Galina;Wilkens, Lynne R.;Carney, Michael E.;Henderson, Brian E.;Kolonel, Laurence N.;Goodman, Marc T.

Background: Chronic inflammation may play an etiologic role in ovarian and endometrial cancer, and it is hypothesized that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) decrease the risk of developing these malignancies. No prospective study with a large multiethnic population has explored this hypothesis. Methods: We investigated whether NSAID use was associated with risks of ovarian and endometrial cancer in the Multiethnic Cohort Study. Medication use of at least twice a week for ≥ 1 month was assessed at baseline. Multivariable relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Results: During an 13.3 years of follow up, 275 ovarian and 620 endometrial incident cases were identified among ~64,000 women included in this analysis (16.5% African Americans, 30.8% Japanese, 7.7% Native Hawaiians, 18.9%, Latinas and 26.0% whites). The RR (95% CI) for ovarian cancer associated with aspirin, non-aspirin NSAIDs, and acetaminophen ...

Mots clés : Ovaire; Prévention (Chimioprévention)

Menée sur des lignées cellulaires de cancer de la prostate ou de cancer du sein, cette étude montre que des inhibiteurs de protéase, isolés du pois chiche (Cicer arietinum) ou d'autres plantes légumineuses, peuvent inhiber la prolifération des cellules tumorales

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and Other Plant-Derived Protease Inhibitor Concentrates Inhibit Breast and Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation In Vitro
• Nutrition and Cancer, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)

Détails

Fermer
Menée sur des lignées cellulaires de cancer de la prostate ou de cancer du sein, cette étude montre que des inhibiteurs de protéase, isolés du pois chiche (Cicer arietinum) ou d'autres plantes légumineuses, peuvent inhiber la prolifération des cellules tumorales

“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and Other Plant-Derived Protease Inhibitor Concentrates Inhibit Breast and Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation In Vitro”

• Magee, Pamela J.;Owusu-Apenten, Richard;McCann, Mark J.;Gill, Chris I.;Rowland, Ian R.

The soybean-derived protease inhibitor, Bowman-Birk inhibitor (BBI), is currently showing great promise as a novel cancer chemopreventive agent. In contrast to the wealth of research conducted on this compound, the anticancer effects of protease inhibitors isolated from other leguminous sources have received limited attention. In the current study, 7 protease inhibitor concentrates (PICs) were isolated from various leguminous sources (including soybean) and characterized. The effects of PICs on the proliferation of breast and prostate cancer cells were investigated in vitro. Chickpea PIC significantly inhibited the viability of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer and PC-3 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells at all concentrations tested (25–400 μg/ml). In addition, kidney bean (200, 400 μg/ml), soybean (50, 100 μg/ml), and mungbean (100, 200 μg/ml) PICs inhibited LNCaP cell viability. These findings suggest that leguminous PICs may possess similar anticancer properties to that of soybean BBI ...

Mots clés : Cancer (général); Prévention (Chimioprévention)

Politiques et programmes de prévention

A partir d'une enquête, menée entre février et octobre 2010, auprès de 383 fumeurs ou non fumeurs australiens appartenant à un milieu social défavorisé, cette étude évalue l'acceptabilité d'un programme de sevrage tabagique reposant sur l'incitation financière

Money as motivation to quit: A survey of a non-random Australian sample of socially disadvantaged smokers’ views of the acceptability of cash incentives
• Preventive Medicine, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)

Détails

Fermer
A partir d'une enquête, menée entre février et octobre 2010, auprès de 383 fumeurs ou non fumeurs australiens appartenant à un milieu social défavorisé, cette étude évalue l'acceptabilité d'un programme de sevrage tabagique reposant sur l'incitation financière

“Money as motivation to quit: A survey of a non-random Australian sample of socially disadvantaged smokers’ views of the acceptability of cash incentives”

• Bonevski, B.;Bryant, J.;Lynagh, M.;Paul, C.

Objective This study aimed to: a) assess acceptability of personal financial incentives (PFIs) to socially disadvantaged smokers and non-smokers; b) examine factors associated with acceptability; and c) examine preferred levels of incentive amounts. Methods A cross-sectional touch screen computer survey was conducted between February and October 2010 in New South Wales, Australia. Participants were clients experiencing financial or social hardship and receiving emergency welfare aid from a non-government social and community service organisation (SCSO). Results Of 383 participants (69% response rate), 46% believed PFIs were an excellent/good idea, 47% believed PFIs did more good than harm and 61% agreed they would motivate smokers to quit. High acceptability ratings were associated with participants being female, current smokers, living in low socioeconomic areas, experiencing smoking-induced deprivation, making a previous quit attempt and intending to quit in the next 6 months. ...