Etiologie

Facteurs exogènes : Nutrition et activité physique

A partir des données de la cohorte européenne EPIC incluant 139 005 hommes, cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation alimentaire de fer, la présence de nitrosamines dans l'organisme et le risque de cancer de la prostate

Nitrosamines and heme iron and risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
• Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)

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A partir des données de la cohorte européenne EPIC incluant 139 005 hommes, cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation alimentaire de fer, la présence de nitrosamines dans l'organisme et le risque de cancer de la prostate

“Nitrosamines and heme iron and risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)”

• Jakszyn, Paula;Allen, Naomi E.;Lujan Barroso, Leila;Gonzalez, Carlos A.;Key, Timothy J.;Fonseca, Ana;Tjonneland, Anne;Fons Johnsen, Nina;Overvad, Kim;Teucher, Birgit;Li, Kuanrong;Boeing, Heiner;Trichopoulou, Antonia;Oikonomou, Eleni;Sarantopoulou, Maria;Saieva, Calogero;Krogh, Vittorio;Tumino, Rosario;Ricceri, Fulvio;Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas;Huerta, Jose M.;Ardanaz, Eva;Arguelles, Marcial V.;Molina-Montes, Esther;Larranaga, Nerea;Wirfält, Elisabet;Wallström, Peter;Johansson, Mattias;Stattin, Par;Khaw, Kay-Tee;Jenab, Mazda;Fedirko, Veronika;Riboli, Elio

Background: The evidence regarding nitrosamines and heme iron intake and cancer risk is limited, despite the biological plausibility of the hypothesis that these factors might increase cancer risk. We investigated the association between dietary nitrosamines and heme iron and the risk of prostate cancer among participants of EPIC. Methods: data on food consumption and complete follow-up for cancer occurrence was available for a 139,005 men, recruited in 8 European countries. Estimates of hazard ratios were obtained by proportional hazard models, stratified by age at recruitment, and study centre, and adjusted for total energy intake, smoking status, marital status, dairy products, educational level and body mass index. Results: after a mean follow-up of 10 years, 4606 participants were diagnosed with first incident prostate cancer. There was no overall association between prostate cancer risk and nitrosamines exposure (preformed and endogenous) or heme iron intake (HR for a doubling ...

Mots clés : Prostate; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Nutrition et activité physique)

Facteurs exogènes : THS et contraceptifs

A partir des données de 3 grandes études " the Collaborative reanalysis", "the Women's Health Initiative" et "the Million Women Study", cette étude analyse l'association entre un traitement hormonal substitutif de la ménopause et le risque de cancer du sein

Does hormone replacement therapy cause breast cancer? An application of causal principles to three studies
• Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)

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A partir des données de 3 grandes études " the Collaborative reanalysis", "the Women's Health Initiative" et "the Million Women Study", cette étude analyse l'association entre un traitement hormonal substitutif de la ménopause et le risque de cancer du sein

“Does hormone replacement therapy cause breast cancer? An application of causal principles to three studies”

• Shapiro, Samuel;Farmer, Richard D T;Stevenson, John C;Burger, Henry G;Mueck, Alfred O

Background Based principally on findings in three studies, the collaborative reanalysis (CR), the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) and the Million Women Study (MWS), it is claimed that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with estrogen plus progestogen (E+P) is now an established cause of breast cancer; the CR and MWS investigators claim that unopposed estrogen therapy (ET) also increases the risk, but to a lesser degree than does E+P. The authors have previously reviewed the findings in the CR and WHI (Parts 1–3).Objective To evaluate the evidence for causality in the MWS.Methods Using generally accepted causal criteria, in this article (Part 4) the authors evaluate the findings in the MWS for E+P and for ET.Results Despite the massive size of the MWS the findings for E+P and for ET did not adequately satisfy the criteria of time order, information bias, detection bias, confounding, statistical stability and strength of association, duration-response, internal consistency, external ...

Mots clés : Sein; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : THS et contraceptifs)

Facteurs exogènes : Agents infectieux

A partir des données du Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer, cette étude passe en revue l'incidence et la prévalence des cancers et des maladies non malignes associés à une infection par le papillomavirus humain dans la population masculine en Europe

Estimation of the epidemiological burden of human papillomavirus-related cancers and non-malignant diseases in men in Europe: a review
• BMC Cancer, Vol. 12 (1), pp. 30, 2012 (article en libre accès)

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A partir des données du Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer, cette étude passe en revue l'incidence et la prévalence des cancers et des maladies non malignes associés à une infection par le papillomavirus humain dans la population masculine en Europe

“Estimation of the epidemiological burden of human papillomavirus-related cancers and non-malignant diseases in men in Europe: a review”

• Hartwig, Susanne;Syrjanen, Stina;Dominiak-Felden, Geraldine;Brotons, Maria;Castellsague, Xavier

BACKGROUND:The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in malignant and non-malignant genital diseases in women is well known and the corresponding epidemiological burden has been widely described. However, less is known about the role of HPV in anal, penile and head and neck cancer, and the burden of malignant and non-malignant HPV-related diseases in men. The objective of this review is to estimate the epidemiological burden of HPV-related cancers and non-malignant diseases in men in Europe.METHODS:The annual number of new HPV-related cancers in men in Europe was estimated using Eurostat population data and applying cancer incidence rates published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The number of cancer cases attributable to HPV, and specifically to HPV16/18, was calculated based on the most relevant prevalence estimates. The annual number of new cases of genital warts was calculated from the most robust European studies; and latest HPV6/11 prevalence estimates were then ...

Mots clés : Cancer (général); Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Agents infectieux)

Facteurs exogènes : Autres

Menée au Royaume-Uni auprès de 11 881 patients souffrant de polyarthrite rhumatoïde, cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre une thérapie anti-TNF et le risque d'un carcinome basocellulaire ou spinocellulaire

The influence of anti-TNF therapy upon incidence of keratinocyte skin cancer in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: longitudinal results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register
• Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, sous presse, 2012 (article en libre accès)

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Menée au Royaume-Uni auprès de 11 881 patients souffrant de polyarthrite rhumatoïde, cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre une thérapie anti-TNF et le risque d'un carcinome basocellulaire ou spinocellulaire

“The influence of anti-TNF therapy upon incidence of keratinocyte skin cancer in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: longitudinal results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register”

• Mercer, Louise K;Green, Adele C;Galloway, James B;Davies, Rebecca;Lunt, Mark;Dixon, William G;Watson, Kath D;British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register Control Centre Consortium;Symmons, Deborah PM;Hyrich, Kimme L

Objectives To compare the risk of keratinoctye skin cancer (basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)) in patients treated for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared with the general population, and to determine whether anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapy exacerbates this risk.Methods Patients with RA enrolled in the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register, a prospective national cohort established in 2001 to monitor the safety of anti-TNF, were followed until 2008. 11 881 patients treated with anti-TNF were compared with 3629 patients receiving non-biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (nbDMARD). Standardised incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated for each cohort and rates between cohorts were compared using Cox proportional HR, adjusted using inverse probability of treatment weighting.Results SIR for skin cancer was increased in both cohorts compared with the English population: SIR 1.72 (95% CI 1.43 to 2.04) anti-TNF; 1.83 (95% CI 1.30 to ...

Mots clés : Peau (hors mélanome); Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Autres)

Facteurs endogènes

Menée en population islandaise, cette étude d'association sur le génome entier identifie trois loci de susceptibilité au cancer de la thyroïde sur les chromosomes 2q35, 8p12 et 14q13.3

Discovery of common variants associated with low TSH levels and thyroid cancer risk
• Nature Genetics, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)

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Menée en population islandaise, cette étude d'association sur le génome entier identifie trois loci de susceptibilité au cancer de la thyroïde sur les chromosomes 2q35, 8p12 et 14q13.3

“Discovery of common variants associated with low TSH levels and thyroid cancer risk”

• Gudmundsson, Julius;Sulem, Patrick;Gudbjartsson, Daniel F.;Jonasson, Jon G.;Masson, Gisli;He, Huiling;Jonasdottir, Aslaug;Sigurdsson, Asgeir;Stacey, Simon N.;Johannsdottir, Hrefna;Th Helgadottir, Hafdis;Li, Wei;Nagy, Rebecca;Ringel, Matthew D.;Kloos, Richard T.;de Visser, Marieke C. H.;Plantinga, Theo S.;den Heijer, Martin;Aguillo, Esperanza;Panadero, Angeles;Prats, Enrique;Garcia-Castano, Almudena;De Juan, Ana;Rivera, Fernando;Walters, G. Bragi;Bjarnason, Hjordis;Tryggvadottir, Laufey;Eyjolfsson, Gudmundur I.;Bjornsdottir, Unnur S.;Holm, Hilma;Olafsson, Isleifur;Kristjansson, Kristleifur;Kristvinsson, Hoskuldur;T Magnusson, Olafur;Thorleifsson, Gudmar;Gulcher, Jeffrey R.;Kong, Augustine;Kiemeney, Lambertus A. L. M.;Jonsson, Thorvaldur;Hjartarson, Hannes;Mayordomo, Jose I.;Netea-Maier, Romana T.;de la Chapelle, Albert;Hrafnkelsson, Jon;Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur;Rafnar, Thorunn;Stefansson, Kari

To search for sequence variants conferring risk of nonmedullary thyroid cancer, we focused our analysis on 22 SNPs with a P < 5 × 10−8 in a genome-wide association study on levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in 27,758 Icelanders. Of those, rs965513 has previously been shown to associate with thyroid cancer. The remaining 21 SNPs were genotyped in 561 Icelandic individuals with thyroid cancer (cases) and up to 40,013 controls. Variants suggestively associated with thyroid cancer (P < 0.05) were genotyped in an additional 595 non-Icelandic cases and 2,604 controls. After combining the results, three variants were shown to associate with thyroid cancer: rs966423 on 2q35 (OR = 1.34; Pcombined = 1.3 × 10−9), rs2439302 on 8p12 (OR = 1.36; Pcombined = 2.0 × 10−9) and rs116909374 on 14q13.3 (OR = 2.09; Pcombined = 4.6 × 10−11), a region previously reported to contain an uncorrelated variant conferring risk of thyroid cancer. A strong association (P = 9.1 × 10−91) was ...

Mots clés : Thyroïde; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

A partir de donnés portant sur 3 628 cas de cancer du sein et 5 190 témoins, cette étude britannique met en évidence des polymorphismes à simple nucléotide associés à la fois à un risque de cancer du sein et à la densité mammaire

Mammographic breast density and breast cancer: evidence of a shared genetic basis
• Cancer Research, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)

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A partir de donnés portant sur 3 628 cas de cancer du sein et 5 190 témoins, cette étude britannique met en évidence des polymorphismes à simple nucléotide associés à la fois à un risque de cancer du sein et à la densité mammaire

“Mammographic breast density and breast cancer: evidence of a shared genetic basis”

• Varghese, Jajini S;Thompson, Deborah J;Michailidou, Kyriaki;Lindström, Sara;Turnbull, Clare;Brown, Judith;Leyland, Jean;Warren, Ruth M;Luben, Robert N;Loos, Ruth JF;Wareham, Nicholas J;Rommens, Johanna;Paterson, Andrew D;Martin, Lisa J;Vachon, Celine M;Scott, Christopher G;Atkinson, Elizabeth J;Couch, Fergus J.;Apicella, Carmel;Southey, Melissa C.;Stone, Jennifer;Li, Jingmei;Eriksson, Louise;Czene, Kamila;Boyd, Norman F;Hall, Per;Hopper, John L.;Tamimi, Rulla M.;Rahman, Nazneen;Easton, Douglas F.

Percent mammographic breast density (PMD) is a strong heritable risk factor for breast cancer. However, the pathways through which this risk is mediated are still unclear. To explore whether PMD and breast cancer have a shared genetic basis, we identified genetic variants most strongly associated with PMD in a published meta-analysis of five genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and used these to construct risk scores for 3628 breast cancer cases and 5190 controls from the UK2 GWAS of breast cancer. The signed per-allele effect estimates of SNPs were multiplied with the respective allele counts in the individual and summed over all SNPs to derive the risk score for an individual. These scores were included as the exposure variable in a logistic regression model with breast cancer case-control status as the outcome. This analysis was repeated using ten different cut-offs for the most significant density SNPs (1-10% representing 5,222-50,899 SNPs). Permutation analysis was also ...

Mots clés : Sein; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Cette étude d'association sur le génome entier identifie trois nouveaux loci de susceptibilité au cancer du sein sur les chromosomes 12p11, 12q24 et 21q21

Genome-wide association analysis identifies three new breast cancer susceptibility loci
• Nature Genetics, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)

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Cette étude d'association sur le génome entier identifie trois nouveaux loci de susceptibilité au cancer du sein sur les chromosomes 12p11, 12q24 et 21q21

“Genome-wide association analysis identifies three new breast cancer susceptibility loci”

• Ghoussaini, Maya;Fletcher, Olivia;Michailidou, Kyriaki;Turnbull, Clare;Schmidt, Marjanka K.;Dicks, Ed;Dennis, Joe;Wang, Qin;Humphreys, Manjeet K.;Luccarini, Craig;Baynes, Caroline;Conroy, Don;Maranian, Melanie;Ahmed, Shahana;Driver, Kristy;Johnson, Nichola;Orr, Nicholas;dos Santos Silva, Isabel;Waisfisz, Quinten;Meijers-Heijboer, Hanne;Uitterlinden, Andre G.;Rivadeneira, Fernando;Hall, Per;Czene, Kamila;Irwanto, Astrid;Liu, Jianjun;Nevanlinna, Heli;Aittomaki, Kristiina;Blomqvist, Carl;Meindl, Alfons;Schmutzler, Rita K.;Muller-Myhsok, Bertram;Lichtner, Peter;Chang-Claude, Jenny;Hein, Rebecca;Nickels, Stefan;Flesch-Janys, Dieter;Tsimiklis, Helen;Makalic, Enes;Schmidt, Daniel;Bui, Minh;Hopper, John L.;Apicella, Carmel;Park, Daniel J.;Southey, Melissa;Hunter, David J.;Chanock, Stephen J.;Broeks, Annegien;Verhoef, Senno;Hogervorst, Frans B. L.;Fasching, Peter A.;Lux, Michael P.;Beckmann, Matthias W.;Ekici, Arif B.;Sawyer, Elinor;Tomlinson, Ian;Kerin, Michael;Marme, Frederik;Schneeweiss, Andreas;Sohn, Christof;Burwinkel, Barbara;Guenel, Pascal;Truong, Therese;Cordina-Duverger, Emilie;Menegaux, Florence;Bojesen, Stig E.;Nordestgaard, Borge G.;Nielsen, Sune F.;Flyger, Henrik;Milne, Roger L.;Alonso, M. Rosario;Gonzalez-Neira, Anna;Benitez, Javier;Anton-Culver, Hoda;Ziogas, Argyrios;Bernstein, Leslie;Dur, Christina Clarke;Brenner, Hermann;Muller, Heiko;Arndt, Volker;Stegmaier, Christa;Justenhoven, Christina;Brauch, Hiltrud;Bruning, Thomas;Wang-Gohrke, Shan;Eilber, Ursula;Dork, Thilo;Schurmann, Peter;Bremer, Michael;Hillemanns, Peter;Bogdanova, Natalia V.;Antonenkova, Natalia N.;Rogov, Yuri I.;Karstens, Johann H.;Bermisheva, Marina;Prokofieva, Darya;Khusnutdinova, Elza;Lindblom, Annika;Margolin, Sara;Mannermaa, Arto;Kataja, Vesa;Kosma, Veli-Matti;Hartikainen, Jaana M.;Lambrechts, Diether;Yesilyurt, Betul T.;Floris, Giuseppe;Leunen, Karin;Manoukian, Siranoush;Bonanni, Bernardo;Fortuzzi, Stefano;Peterlongo, Paolo;Couch, Fergus J.;Wang, Xianshu;Stevens, Kristen;Lee, Adam;Giles, Graham G.;Baglietto, Laura;Severi, Gianluca;McLean, Catriona;Alnaes, Grethe Grenaker;Kristensen, Vessela;Borrensen-Dale, Anne-Lise;John, Esther M.;Miron, Alexander;Winqvist, Robert;Pylkas, Katri;Jukkola-Vuorinen, Arja;Kauppila, Saila;Andrulis, Irene L.;Glendon, Gord;Mulligan, Anna Marie;Devilee, Peter;van Asperen, Christie J.;Tollenaar, Rob A. E. M.;Seynaeve, Caroline;Figueroa, Jonine D.;Garcia-Closas, Montserrat;Brinton, Louise;Lissowska, Jolanta;Hooning, Maartje J.;Hollestelle, Antoinette;Oldenburg, Rogier A.;van den Ouweland, Ans M. W.;Cox, Angela;Reed, Malcolm W. R.;Shah, Mitul;Jakubowska, Ania;Lubinski, Jan;Jaworska, Katarzyna;Durda, Katarzyna;Jones, Michael;Schoemaker, Minouk;Ashworth, Alan;Swerdlow, Anthony;Beesley, Jonathan;Chen, Xiaoqing;Muir, Kenneth R.;Lophatananon, Artitaya;Rattanamongkongul, Suthee;Chaiwerawattana, Arkom;Kang, Daehee;Yoo, Keun-Young;Noh, Dong-Young;Shen, Chen-Yang;Yu, Jyh-Cherng;Wu, Pei-Ei;Hsiung, Chia-Ni;Perkins, Annie;Swann, Ruth;Velentzis, Louiza;Eccles, Diana M.;Tapper, Will J.;Gerty, Susan M.;Graham, Nikki J.;Ponder, Bruce A. J.;Chenevix-Trench, Georgia;Pharoah, Paul D. P.;Lathrop, Mark;Dunning, Alison M.;Rahman, Nazneen;Peto, Julian;Easton, Douglas F.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. To date, 22 common breast cancer susceptibility loci have been identified accounting for ~8% of the heritability of the disease. We attempted to replicate 72 promising associations from two independent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in ~70,000 cases and ~68,000 controls from 41 case-control studies and 9 breast cancer GWAS. We identified three new breast cancer risk loci at 12p11 (rs10771399; P = 2.7 × 10−35), 12q24 (rs1292011; P = 4.3 × 10−19) and 21q21 (rs2823093; P = 1.1 × 10−12). rs10771399 was associated with similar relative risks for both estrogen receptor (ER)-negative and ER-positive breast cancer, whereas the other two loci were associated only with ER-positive disease. Two of the loci lie in regions that contain strong plausible candidate genes: PTHLH (12p11) has a crucial role in mammary gland development and the establishment of bone metastasis in breast cancer, and NRIP1 (21q21) encodes an ER cofactor ...

Mots clés : Sein; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

A partir des données de deux cohortes prospectives incluant 12 976 participants suivis pendant 37 ans, cette étude évalue l'association entre le cholestérol et le risque de cancer de la prostate, en fonction de son grade

Cholesterol and the risk of grade-specific prostate cancer incidence: evidence from two large prospective cohort studies with up to 37 years' follow up
• BMC Cancer, Vol. 12 (1), pp. 25, 2012 (article en libre accès)

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A partir des données de deux cohortes prospectives incluant 12 976 participants suivis pendant 37 ans, cette étude évalue l'association entre le cholestérol et le risque de cancer de la prostate, en fonction de son grade

“Cholesterol and the risk of grade-specific prostate cancer incidence: evidence from two large prospective cohort studies with up to 37 years' follow up”

• Shafique, Kashif;McLoone, Philip;Qureshi, Khaver;Leung, Hing;Hart, Carole;Morrison, David

BACKGROUND:High cholesterol may be a modifiable risk factor for prostate cancer but results have been inconsistent and subject to potential "reverse causality" where undetected disease modifies cholesterol prior to diagnosis.METHODS:We conducted a prospective cohort study of 12,926 men who were enrolled in the Midspan studies between 1970 and 1976 and followed up to 31st December 2007. We used Cox-Proportional Hazards Models to evaluate the association between baseline plasma cholesterol and Gleason grade-specific prostate cancer incidence. We excluded cancers detected within at least 5 years of cholesterol assay.RESULTS:650 men developed prostate cancer in up to 37 years' follow-up. Baseline plasma cholesterol was positively associated with hazard of high grade (Gleason score[greater than or equal to]8) prostate cancer incidence (n=119). The association was greatest among men in the 4th highest quintile for cholesterol, 6.1 to <6.69 mmol/l, Hazard Ratio 2.28, 95% CI 1.27 to 4.10, ...

Mots clés : Prostate; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Cette étude (1 057 cas et 1 057 témoins) évalue l'association entre l'obésité, l'adiposité et le risque de cancer de la prostate

Obesity, body composition, and prostate cancer
• BMC Cancer, Vol. 12 (1), pp. 23, 2012 (article en libre accès)

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Cette étude (1 057 cas et 1 057 témoins) évalue l'association entre l'obésité, l'adiposité et le risque de cancer de la prostate

“Obesity, body composition, and prostate cancer”

• Fowke, Jay;Motley, Saundra;Concepcion, Raoul;Penson, David;Barocas, Daniel

BACKGROUND:Established risk factors for prostate cancer have not translated to effective prevention or adjuvant care strategies. Several epidemiologic studies suggest greater body adiposity may be a modifiable risk factor for high-grade (Gleason 7, Gleason 8-10) prostate cancer and prostate cancer mortality. However, BMI only approximates body adiposity, and may be confounded by centralized fat deposition or lean body mass in older men. Our objective was to use bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) to measure body composition and determine the association between prostate cancer and total body fat mass (FM) fat-free mass (FFM), and percent body fat (%BF), and which body composition measure mediated the association between BMI or waist circumference (WC) with prostate cancer.METHODS:The study used a multi-centered recruitment protocol targeting men scheduled for prostate biopsy. Men without prostate cancer at biopsy served as controls (n=1057). Prostate cancer cases were classified as ...

Mots clés : Prostate; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

A partir des données des études "New England case–control study" (911 cas et 948 témoins) et "Nurses' Health Study" (2 112 cas et 2 456 témoins), cette étude évalue l'association entre la longueur des télomères, des variants du gène TERT et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire

Telomere Length and Genetic Variation in Telomere Maintenance Genes in Relation to Ovarian Cancer Risk
• Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)

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A partir des données des études "New England case–control study" (911 cas et 948 témoins) et "Nurses' Health Study" (2 112 cas et 2 456 témoins), cette étude évalue l'association entre la longueur des télomères, des variants du gène TERT et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire

“Telomere Length and Genetic Variation in Telomere Maintenance Genes in Relation to Ovarian Cancer Risk”

• Terry, Kathryn L.;Tworoger, Shelley S.;Vitonis, Allison F.;Wong, Jason;Titus-Ernstoff, Linda;De Vivo, Immaculata;Cramer, Daniel W.

Background: Telomeres protect chromosomal ends, shorten with cellular division, and signal cellular senescence, but unchecked telomere attrition can lead to telomere dysfunction, upregulation of telomerase, and carcinogenesis. Shorter telomeres in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) have been associated with elevated cancer risk. Furthermore, genetic variants in and around the TERT gene have been implicated in carcinogenesis.Methods: We measured relative telomere length (RTL) in PBLs of 911 cases and 948 controls from the New England case–control (NECC) study, a population-based study of ovarian cancer. In addition, we assessed germ line genetic variation in five telomere maintenance genes among 2,112 cases and 2,456 controls from the NECC study and the Nurses' Health Study, a prospective cohort study. ORs and 95% CIs were estimated by logistic regression.Results: Overall, we observed no differences in telomere length between cases and controls. Compared with women with RTL in the ...

Mots clés : Ovaire; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

A partir des données de deux études cas-témoins ( 671 cas et 939 témoins), cette étude évalue l'association entre 397 polymporphismes à simple nucléotide de 67 kinases mitotiques et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire

Common variation in Nemo-like kinase (NLK) is associated with risk of ovarian cancer
• Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)

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A partir des données de deux études cas-témoins ( 671 cas et 939 témoins), cette étude évalue l'association entre 397 polymporphismes à simple nucléotide de 67 kinases mitotiques et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire

“Common variation in Nemo-like kinase (NLK) is associated with risk of ovarian cancer”

• Stevens, Kristen N.;Kelemen, Linda E.;Wang, Xianshu;Fridley, Brooke L.;Vierkant, Robert A.;Fredericksen, Zachary;Armasu, Sebastian M.;Tsai, Ya-Yu;Berchuck, Andrew;Association Consortium, Ovarian Cancer;Narod, Steven A.;Phelan, Catherine M.;Sutphen, Rebecca;Birrer, Michael J.;Schildkraut, Joellen M.;Sellers, Thomas A.;Goode, Ellen L.;Couch, Fergus J.

Background: Overexpression of mitotic kinases has been associated with prognosis, histologic grade and clinical stage in ovarian cancer, but the relationship between inherited variation in these genes and ovarian cancer risk has not been well defined. Methods: We measured associations between 397 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 67 mitotic kinases and invasive epithelial ovarian cancer risk in two case-control studies (n=671 cases; n=939 controls). Thirty-six candidate SNPs (p< 0.05) were assessed in a replication analysis consisting of three additional studies (n=1094 cases; n=829 controls). Results: In initial analysis, thirty-six SNPs were suggestive of association with risk of serous ovarian cancer, all subtypes of ovarian cancer, or both (p<0.05). Replication analyses suggested an association between rs2125846 in the Nemo-like kinase gene (NLK) and ovarian cancer (serous odds ratio (OR)=1.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11 - 1.67, p=1.77 x 10-3; all subtypes ...

Mots clés : Ovaire; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

A partir des données de l'étude "FINBAR" (417 cas et 221 témoins), cette étude évalue l'association entre des oligo-éléments (zinc, colbalt, sélénium) contenus dans les ongles et le risque d'endobrachyœsophage et d'adénocarcinome œsophagien

Toenail trace element status and risk of Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma: results from the FINBAR study
• International Journal of Cancer, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)

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A partir des données de l'étude "FINBAR" (417 cas et 221 témoins), cette étude évalue l'association entre des oligo-éléments (zinc, colbalt, sélénium) contenus dans les ongles et le risque d'endobrachyœsophage et d'adénocarcinome œsophagien

“Toenail trace element status and risk of Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma: results from the FINBAR study”

• O'Rorke, Michael A.;Cantwell, Marie M.;Abnet, Christian C.;Brockman, John D.;Murray, Liam J.;on behalf of the, Finbar Study Group

Trace elements have been cited as both inhibitory and causative agents of cancer but importantly exposure to them is potentially modifiable. This study aimed to examine toenail trace element status and risk of Barrett's oesophagus (BO) and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC). Toenail clippings from each hallux were obtained from 638 participants of the FINBAR study (Factors Influencing the Barrett's Adenocarcinoma Relationship) comprising 221 healthy controls, 98 reflux oesophagitis, 182 BO and 137 OAC cases. The concentrations of eight toenail trace elements were determined using Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis. Using multivariable adjusted logistic regression analysis, odds ratios (OR) and 95% CIs were calculated within tertiles of trace element concentrations. A two-fold increased risk of BO was observed, but not OAC, amongst individuals in the highest tertile of toenail zinc status OR 2.21 (95% CI 1.11-4.40). A higher toenail selenium status was not associated with risk of ...

Mots clés : Oesophage; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Cette étude américaine (259 cas et 781 témoins) analyse les facteurs de risque d'un carcinome hépatocellulaire chez des patients présentant une maladie chronique hépatique

Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic liver disease: a case–control study
• Cancer Causes and Control, pp. 1-8, 2012 (résumé)

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Cette étude américaine (259 cas et 781 témoins) analyse les facteurs de risque d'un carcinome hépatocellulaire chez des patients présentant une maladie chronique hépatique

“Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic liver disease: a case–control study”

• Ha, Nghi;Ha, Nghiem;Ahmed, Aijaz;Ayoub, Walid;Daugherty, Tami;Chang, Ellen;Lutchman, Glen;Garcia, Gabriel;Cooper, Allen;Keeffe, Emmet;Nguyen, Mindie

The majority of data on risk factors (RFs) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) comes from studies involving populations without underlying liver disease. It is important to evaluate RFs for HCC in patients with chronic liver disease since HCC rarely occurs in those without underlying liver disease. We conducted a hospital-based case–control study of 259 incident HCC cases and 781 controls by convenience sampling between 02/2001 and 12/2009 from the liver clinic at Stanford University Medical Center. The study population was 41% White, 14% Hispanic, 3% African American, 40% Asian American, and 2% other race/ethnicity. RFs were examined through medical records and an in-person questionnaire. Alcohol and tobacco use was calculated by cumulative grams of alcohol or cumulative pack(s) of cigarette consumed over one’s lifetime. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was defined by random glucose level of ≥200 mg/dL. RFs were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression. Independent predictors of ...

Mots clés : Foie; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Interactions gènes-environnement

Cette étude (884 cas et 878 témoins) évalue les interactions entre la consommation de viandes rouges, les amines hétérocycliques formées au cours de la cuisson, des polymorphismes de gènes du métabolisme et le risque de cancer de la vessie

Intake of red meat and heterocyclic amines, metabolic pathway genes, and bladder cancer risk
• International Journal of Cancer, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)

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Cette étude (884 cas et 878 témoins) évalue les interactions entre la consommation de viandes rouges, les amines hétérocycliques formées au cours de la cuisson, des polymorphismes de gènes du métabolisme et le risque de cancer de la vessie

“Intake of red meat and heterocyclic amines, metabolic pathway genes, and bladder cancer risk”

• Lin, Jie;Forman, Michele R.;Wang, Jianming;Grossman, H. Barton;Chen, Meng;Dinney, Colin P.;Hawk, Ernest T.;Wu, Xifeng

We analyzed the association between meat intake, heterocyclic amines (HCAs) and bladder cancer (BC) risk in a large case-control study comprised of 884 BC cases and 878 healthy controls, recruited from 1999 to 2009. Epidemiologic and dietary data were collected via an in-person interview. Compared to the lowest quartile of red meat intake, the odds ratios (ORs) for the second, third and fourth quartiles were 1.17 (95% CI= 0.87 to1.58), 1.47 (95% CI= 1.09 to1.99), and 1.95 (95% CI=1.41 to 2.68), respectively (P-for trend <0.001). In a subset of participants with intakes of heterocyclic amines (HCAs) available, compared to those with the lowest quartile of intake, the ORs for the second, third, and fourth quartiles were 1.47 (95% CI= 0.60 to 3.64), 2.58 (95% CI=1.09 to 6.11), and 3.32 (95% CI=1.37 to 8.01), respectively (P for trend<0.001). In cumulative analysis of SNPs in the pathway, compared to subjects carrying 0-4 unfavorable genotypes, subjects carrying 5, and 6 or more ...

Mots clés : Vessie; Etiologie (Interactions gènes-environnement)

Couplée aux données de l'essai "Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial", cette étude (1 331 cas et 1 501 témoins) évalue l'association entre des polymorphismes à simple nucléotide de 82 gènes impliqués dans le métabolisme des folates et le risque d'adonénome colorectal de stade avancé chez des individus à faible consommation de folates

Associations between genes in the one-carbon metabolism pathway and advanced colorectal adenoma risk in individuals with low folate intake
• Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, sous presse, 2012 (résumé)

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Couplée aux données de l'essai "Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial", cette étude (1 331 cas et 1 501 témoins) évalue l'association entre des polymorphismes à simple nucléotide de 82 gènes impliqués dans le métabolisme des folates et le risque d'adonénome colorectal de stade avancé chez des individus à faible consommation de folates

“Associations between genes in the one-carbon metabolism pathway and advanced colorectal adenoma risk in individuals with low folate intake”

• Han, Summer S.;Sue, Laura Y.;Berndt, Sonja I.;Selhub, Jacob;Burdette, Laurie;Rosenberg, Philip S.;Ziegler, Regina G.

Background: Methods:Background: Folate is essential for one-carbon metabolism, a pathway required by DNA synthesis, methylation, and repair. Low dietary and circulating folate and polymorphic variation in this pathway are associated with increased risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer. Methods: We genotyped 882 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 82 one-carbon metabolism genes for 1,331 cases of advanced colorectal adenoma, identified by sigmoidoscopy at baseline, and 1,501 controls from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO). We evaluated associations between one-carbon genes and adenoma risk in all subjects and stratified by folate intake. We applied the Adaptive Rank Truncated Product (ARTP) to assess statistical significance at the gene and pathway levels. Results: Folate intake was inversely associated with advanced colorectal adenoma risk [odds ratio by quartile = 0.85, p-value = 1.9 x 10-5]. We found no statistically significant ...