Etiologie

A partir des données de la cohorte américaine "National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study" incluant 281 394 hommes et 186 134 femmes, cette étude évalue l'association entre le tabagisme et le risque de cancer de la vessie

• Association Between Smoking and Risk of Bladder Cancer Among Men and Women
  • JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 306 (7), pp. 737-745, 2011 (résumé)
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  A partir des données de la cohorte américaine "National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study" incluant 281 394 hommes et 186 134 femmes, cette étude évalue l'association entre le tabagisme et le risque de cancer de la vessie

  “Association Between Smoking and Risk of Bladder Cancer Among Men and Women”

  • Freedman, Neal D.;Silverman, Debra T.;Hollenbeck, Albert R.;Schatzkin, Arthur;Abnet, Christian C.

  Context Previous studies indicate that the population attributable risk (PAR) of bladder cancer for tobacco smoking is 50% to 65% in men and 20% to 30% in women and that current cigarette smoking triples bladder cancer risk relative to never smoking. During the last 30 years, incidence rates have remained stable in the United States in men (123.8 per 100 000 person-years to 142.2 per 100 000 person-years) and women (32.5 per 100 000 person-years to 33.2 per 100 000 person-years); however, changing smoking prevalence and cigarette composition warrant revisiting risk estimates for smoking and bladder cancer.Objective To evaluate the association between tobacco smoking and bladder cancer.Design, Setting, and Participants Men (n = 281 394) and women (n = 186 134) of the National Institutes of Health-AARP (NIH-AARP) Diet and Health Study cohort completed a lifestyle questionnaire and were followed up between October 25, 1995, and December 31, 2006. Previous prospective cohort ...

  
  

Mots clés : Vessie; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Tabac)

Cette étude sud-coréenne (1 242 cas et 3 019 témoins) évalue l’association entre la consommation d’alcool, le tabagisme et le risque d’adénome colorectal avancé ou multiple

• Associations of Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol Consumption With Advanced or Multiple Colorectal Adenoma Risks: A Colonoscopy-based Case-Control Study in Korea
  • American Journal of Epidemiology, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Cette étude sud-coréenne (1 242 cas et 3 019 témoins) évalue l’association entre la consommation d’alcool, le tabagisme et le risque d’adénome colorectal avancé ou multiple

  “Associations of Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol Consumption With Advanced or Multiple Colorectal Adenoma Risks: A Colonoscopy-based Case-Control Study in Korea”

  • Shin, Aesun;Hong, Chang Won;Sohn, Dae Kyung;Chang Kim, Byung;Han, Kyung Su;Chang, Hee Jin;Kim, Jeongseon;Oh, Jae Hwan

  The associations between alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking habits and the risk for colorectal adenomatous polyps according to the detailed clinical information about polyps were assessed in a large colonoscopy-based study. The study enrolled participants who visited the National Cancer Center of the Republic of Korea for cancer screening between April 2007 and April 2009. In 1,242 newly diagnosed colorectal adenoma patients and 3,019 polyp-free controls, past smokers (odds ratio (OR) = 1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04, 1.65) and current smokers (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.37, 2.11) had increased risks for adenomas compared with nonsmokers. Cigarette smoking conferred an even higher risk for advanced adenomas and 3 or more adenomas than for low-risk adenomas or a single adenoma. Dose-response relations were observed among the daily number of cigarettes smoked, the duration of smoking, the pack-years of smoking, and the risk for adenomas. A longer duration of alcohol ...

  
  

Mots clés : Colon-rectum; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Alcool)

Menée en Chine, cette étude (1 009 cas et 1 009 témoins) évalue l'association entre une consommation modérée d'alcool et le risque de cancer du sein

• Low-to-moderate alcohol intake and breast cancer risk in Chinese women
  • Br J Cancer, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Menée en Chine, cette étude (1 009 cas et 1 009 témoins) évalue l'association entre une consommation modérée d'alcool et le risque de cancer du sein

  “Low-to-moderate alcohol intake and breast cancer risk in Chinese women”

  • Zhang, M.;Holman, C. D. J.

  Despite extensive investigation of the association between alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk, effect of low-to-moderate alcohol intake on breast cancer incidence has been inconsistent. Methods: A case–control study was conducted in China, 2004–2005 to examine the association by menopausal status, oestrogen (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status of the tumour. There were 1009 incident cases with histologically confirmed breast cancer and 1009 age-matched controls recruited. We assessed alcohol consumption by face-to-face interview using a validated questionnaire and obtained tumour ER and PR status from pathology reports. Results: Low-to-moderate alcohol consumption was inversely associated with breast cancer risk. Compared with nondrinkers, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for alcohol <5 g per day were 0.41 (95% confidence interval 0.27–0.62) and 0.62 (0.48–0.79) in postmenopausal and premenopausal women, respectively. The inverse association was consistent ...

  
  

Mots clés : Sein; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Alcool)

A partir des données de la cohorte "NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study" incluant 198 404 femmes agées de 50 à 71 ans, cette étude américaine évalue l'association entre la consommation de café et le risque de cancer du sein

• Coffee intake and breast cancer risk in the NIH-AARP diet and health cohort study
  • International Journal of Cancer, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  A partir des données de la cohorte "NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study" incluant 198 404 femmes agées de 50 à 71 ans, cette étude américaine évalue l'association entre la consommation de café et le risque de cancer du sein

  “Coffee intake and breast cancer risk in the NIH-AARP diet and health cohort study”

  • Gierach, Gretchen L.;Freedman, Neal D.;Andaya, Abegail;Hollenbeck, Albert R.;Park, Yikyung;Schatzkin, Arthur;Brinton, Louise A.

  Abstract There are several biologic mechanisms whereby coffee might reduce breast cancer risk. Caffeine and caffeic acid, major coffee constituents, have been shown to suppress mammary tumor formation in animal models and to inhibit DNA methylation in human breast cancer cells, respectively. Coffee may also reduce risk through decreasing inflammation and influencing estrogen metabolism. However, epidemiologic studies have been inconsistent and few studies have examined the association by estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER/PR) status. We evaluated coffee intake for its effect on incident breast cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study cohort, which included 198,404 women aged 50-71 with no history of cancer, who in 1995-1996 completed a questionnaire capturing usual coffee intake over the past year. State cancer registry and mortality index linkage identified 9,915 primary incident breast carcinomas through December 2006; available information on hormone receptor status ...

  
  

Mots clés : Sein; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Nutrition et activité physique)

Cette étude américaine (497 cas et 638 témoins) évalue l’association entre la consommation de nutriments, les variants de gènes impliqués dans la voie du métabolisme monocarboné et le risque de lymphome de Hodgkin

• Nutrients and Genetic Variation Involved in One-Carbon Metabolism and Hodgkin Lymphoma Risk: A Population-based Case-Control Study
  • American Journal of Epidemiology, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Cette étude américaine (497 cas et 638 témoins) évalue l’association entre la consommation de nutriments, les variants de gènes impliqués dans la voie du métabolisme monocarboné et le risque de lymphome de Hodgkin

  “Nutrients and Genetic Variation Involved in One-Carbon Metabolism and Hodgkin Lymphoma Risk: A Population-based Case-Control Study”

  • Kasperzyk, Julie L.;Chang, Ellen T.;Birmann, Brenda M.;Kraft, Peter;Zheng, Tongzhang;Mueller, Nancy E.

  Nutritional and genetic determinants of the one-carbon metabolism pathway have been related to risk of malignant lymphomas, but little is known about their associations with Hodgkin lymphoma risk specifically. The authors examined nutrient intake (folate, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, methionine) and multivitamin use among 497 Hodgkin lymphoma patients and 638 population-based controls (Massachusetts and Connecticut, 1997–2000), and genetic variation (MTHFR 677C>T, MTHFR 1298A>C, MTR 2756A>G, SHMT1 1420C>T, TYMS 1494del6) and gene-diet interactions in a subset. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate multivariable odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Hodgkin lymphoma risk was not associated with total nutrient intake or intake from food alone (excluding supplements). Multivitamin use (odds ratio (OR) = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.96), total vitamin B6 (ORquartile 4 vs. 1 = 1.62) (Ptrend = 0.03), and total vitamin B12 (ORquartile 4 vs. 1 = 1.75) (Ptrend = 0.02) ...

  
  

Mots clés : Lymphome; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Nutrition et activité physique)

Menée en population coréenne, cette étude transversale évalue l'association entre la consommation alimentaires de produits réfrigérés, de sel, de fruits et de légumes, et le risque de cancer de l'estomac

• Ecological study for refrigerator use, salt, vegetable, and fruit intakes, and gastric cancer
  • Cancer Causes and Control, pp. 1-6, 2011 (résumé)
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  Menée en population coréenne, cette étude transversale évalue l'association entre la consommation alimentaires de produits réfrigérés, de sel, de fruits et de légumes, et le risque de cancer de l'estomac

  “Ecological study for refrigerator use, salt, vegetable, and fruit intakes, and gastric cancer”

  • Park, Boyoung;Shin, Aesun;Park, Sue;Ko, Kwang-Pil;Ma, Seung;Lee, Eun-Ha;Gwack, Jin;Jung, En-Joo;Cho, Lisa;Yang, Jae;Yoo, Keun-Young

  We used an ecological approach to determine the correlation between vegetable, fruit and salt intakes, refrigerator use, and gastric cancer mortality in Korean population. Information on fruit and vegetable intakes per capita from the National Health and Nutrition Survey, death certificate data from the National Statistical office, refrigerator per household data from Korean Statistical Information Service, and salt/sodium intake data from a cross-sectional survey were utilized. Correlation coefficients were calculated between vegetable and fruit intakes, refrigerator per household, and gastric cancer mortality and between salt and sodium intakes, and gastric cancer mortality and incidence in the four areas. With 5, 10, and 15 years lag time, refrigerator usage and fruit intake were negatively associated with gastric cancer mortality (p < 0.01), but vegetable intake was not associated with gastric cancer mortality. When estimates of salt/sodium intake evaluated by 24-h urine ...

  
  

Mots clés : Estomac; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Nutrition et activité physique)

Couplée à une cohorte danoise, cette étude (310 cas et 1 240 témoins) évalue l'association entre le travail posté en 3x8 et le risque de cancer du sein chez les infirmières

• Case–control study of shift-work and breast cancer risk in Danish nurses: Impact of shift systems
  • European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990), sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Couplée à une cohorte danoise, cette étude (310 cas et 1 240 témoins) évalue l'association entre le travail posté en 3x8 et le risque de cancer du sein chez les infirmières

  “Case–control study of shift-work and breast cancer risk in Danish nurses: Impact of shift systems”

  • Hansen, Johnni;Stevens, Richard G.

  Working outside normal daytime hours is increasing worldwide and is now one of the most widespread potential carcinogenic occupational exposures. There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals that light exposure during the biologic night increases tumour growth and limited epidemiologic evidence that night shift-work cause breast cancer. Existing studies had crude definitions of shift-work and did not discriminate between shift-work systems (e.g. permanent versus rotating or evening versus night). We performed an interview based nested case–control study within a nationwide cohort of Danish nurses, including detailed information on lifetime shift-work and potential confounders. Cases of primary breast cancer (n=310) were identified from the nationwide Danish Cancer Registry. Four control nurses were selected for each case by incidence density sampling. Odds rations (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by conditional logistic regression, with adjustment for ...

  
  

Mots clés : Sein; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Exposition professionnelle)

Menée au Danemark, en Finlande, en Islande, en Norvège et en Suède, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition à des facteurs de risque d'origine professionnelle et le risque de carcinome des trompes de Fallope chez des salariées de divers secteurs d'activité

• Occupation and risk of primary fallopian tube carcinoma in nordic countries
  • International Journal of Cancer, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Menée au Danemark, en Finlande, en Islande, en Norvège et en Suède, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition à des facteurs de risque d'origine professionnelle et le risque de carcinome des trompes de Fallope chez des salariées de divers secteurs d'activité

  “Occupation and risk of primary fallopian tube carcinoma in nordic countries”

  • Riska, A.;Martinsen, J. I.;Kjaerheim, K.;Lynge, E.;Sparen, P.;Tryggvadottir, L.;Weiderpass, E.;Pukkala, E.

  Abstract The aetiology of primary Fallopian tube carcinoma (PFTC) is poorly understood. Occupational exposures may contribute to PFTC risk. We studied incidence of PFTC in occupational categories in the Nordic female population aged 30-64 years during the 1960, 1970, 1980/1981 and/or 1990 censuses in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for the years following inclusion in the study up to 2005 were calculated for 53 occupations; the expected numbers of cases were based on PFTC incidence in the national populations. Altogether 2206 PFTC cases were detected during follow up via data linkages with the Nordic cancer registries. Significantly increased risks of PFTC were observed for smelting workers (SIR 3.99, 95% confidence interval 1.46-8.68,Obs=6), artistic workers (2.64, 1.44-4.43,Obs=14), hairdressers (2.18, 1.41-3.22,Obs=25), packers (1.62, 1.11-2.29,Obs=32), nurses (1.49, 1.14- 1.92,Obs=60), shop workers (1.25, 1.07-1.46,Obs=159) and ...

  
  

Mots clés : Ovaire; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Exposition professionnelle)

Menée au Danemark, en Suède, en Norvège et en Suisse (352 cas et 646 témoins), cette étude multi-centrique évalue l'association entre l'utilisation de téléphones portables et le risque de tumeurs cérébrales chez les enfants et les adolescents

• Children and Adolescent Mobile Phone Users at No Greater Risk of Brain Cancer Than Non-users
  • Journal of the National Cancer Institute, sous presse, 2011 (communiqué de presse)
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  Menée au Danemark, en Suède, en Norvège et en Suisse (352 cas et 646 témoins), cette étude multi-centrique évalue l'association entre l'utilisation de téléphones portables et le risque de tumeurs cérébrales chez les enfants et les adolescents

  “Children and Adolescent Mobile Phone Users at No Greater Risk of Brain Cancer Than Non-users”

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• Mobile Phone Use and Brain Tumors in Children and Adolescents: A Multicenter Case–Control Study
  • Journal of the National Cancer Institute, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Menée au Danemark, en Suède, en Norvège et en Suisse (352 cas et 646 témoins), cette étude multi-centrique évalue l'association entre l'utilisation de téléphones portables et le risque de tumeurs cérébrales chez les enfants et les adolescents

  “Mobile Phone Use and Brain Tumors in Children and Adolescents: A Multicenter Case–Control Study”

  • Aydin, Denis ; Feychting, Maria ; Schüz, Joachim ; Tynes, Tore ; Andersen, Tina Veje ; Schmidt, Lisbeth Samsø ; Poulsen, Aslak Harbo ; Johansen, Christoffer ; Prochazka, Michaela ; Lannering, Birgitta ; Klæboe, Lars ; Eggen, Tone ; Jenni, Daniela ; Grotzer, Michael ; Von der Weid, Nicolas ; Kuehni, Claudia E. ; Röösli, Martin

  Background It has been hypothesized that children and adolescents might be more vulnerable to possible health effects from mobile phone exposure than adults. We investigated whether mobile phone use is associated with brain tumor risk among children and adolescents.Methods CEFALO is a multicenter case–control study conducted in Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Switzerland that includes all children and adolescents aged 7–19 years who were diagnosed with a brain tumor between 2004 and 2008. We conducted interviews, in person, with 352 case patients (participation rate: 83%) and 646 control subjects (participation rate: 71%) and their parents. Control subjects were randomly selected from population registries and matched by age, sex, and geographical region. We asked about mobile phone use and included mobile phone operator records when available. Odds ratios (ORs) for brain tumor risk and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression ...

  
  
• Cell Phones, Cancer, and Children
  • Journal of the National Cancer Institute, sous presse, 2011 (éditorial)
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  Menée au Danemark, en Suède, en Norvège et en Suisse (352 cas et 646 témoins), cette étude multi-centrique évalue l'association entre l'utilisation de téléphones portables et le risque de tumeurs cérébrales chez les enfants et les adolescents

  “Cell Phones, Cancer, and Children”

  • Boice, John D. ; Tarone, Robert E.

  
  

Mots clés : Système nerveux central; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Environnement)

A partir des données de l'étude internationale INTERPHONE (1 105 cas et 2 145 témoins), cet article évalue l'association entre l'usage du téléphone mobile et le risque de neurinome acoustique

• Acoustic neuroma risk in relation to mobile telephone use: Results of the INTERPHONE international case-control study
  • Cancer Epidemiology, sous presse, 0 (résumé)
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  A partir des données de l'étude internationale INTERPHONE (1 105 cas et 2 145 témoins), cet article évalue l'association entre l'usage du téléphone mobile et le risque de neurinome acoustique

  “Acoustic neuroma risk in relation to mobile telephone use: Results of the INTERPHONE international case-control study”

  • INTERPHONE

  Background: The rapid increase in mobile telephone use has generated concern about possible health risks of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from these devices. Methods: A case-control study of 1105 patients with newly diagnosed acoustic neuroma (vestibular schwannoma) and 2145 controls was conducted in 13 countries using a common protocol. Past mobile phone use was assessed by personal interview. In the primary analysis, exposure time was censored at one year before the reference date (date of diagnosis for cases and date of diagnosis of the matched case for controls); analyses censoring exposure at five years before the reference date were also done to allow for a possible longer latent period. Results: The odds ratio (OR) of acoustic neuroma with ever having been a regular mobile phone user was 0.85 (95% confidence interval 0.69-1.04). The OR for >=10 years after first regular mobile phone use was 0.76 (0.52-1.11). There was no trend of increasing ORs with increasing ...

  
  

Mots clés : Système nerveux central; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Environnement)

Couplée aux données des registres suédois des cancers, cette étude en population (115 016 cas et 987 893 témoins) met en évidence l'absence d'effet protecteur d'une exposition solaire intensive générant une importante production de vitamine D sur le risque de cancers internes (principalement côlon, prostate, sein, ovaire) chez des patients déjà diagnostiqués avec un carcinome basocellulaire en lien avec cette exposition

• Previous extensive sun exposure and subsequent vitamin D production in patients with basal cell carcinoma of the skin, has no protective effect on internal cancers
  • European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990), sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Couplée aux données des registres suédois des cancers, cette étude en population (115 016 cas et 987 893 témoins) met en évidence l'absence d'effet protecteur d'une exposition solaire intensive générant une importante production de vitamine D sur le risque de cancers internes (principalement côlon, prostate, sein, ovaire) chez des patients déjà diagnostiqués avec un carcinome basocellulaire en lien avec cette exposition

  “Previous extensive sun exposure and subsequent vitamin D production in patients with basal cell carcinoma of the skin, has no protective effect on internal cancers”

  • Lindelöf, Bernt;Krynitz, Britta;Ayoubi, Shiva;Martschin, Christoph;Wiegleb-Edström, Desiree;Wiklund, Kerstin

  It has been suggested that sunlight through production of vitamin D might have a protective effect on a number of internal cancers. Consequently, in spite of the well known skin cancer risks, some researchers advocate more exposure to ultraviolet radiation, supported by the solarium industry. We estimated the risk of internal cancer before the patient contracted a basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin, the most common cancer in white populations and strongly associated with extensive sun exposure. A nested case control study was undertaken in the whole Swedish population. 115,016 patients with BCC and 987,893 controls were linked to population based registers. The cases had an increased risk of getting another form of cancer before the BCC diagnosis: odds ratio (OR)=1.84; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.81–1.86. This risk was mainly due to skin cancer: OR=4.95; 95% CI 4.81–5.09 but also non-skin cancer risk was elevated: OR=1.37; 95% CI 1.35–1.39. We adjusted the estimates for ...

  
  

Mots clés : Peau (hors mélanome); Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Environnement)

Menée dans la région de Kempen (frontière belgo-néerlandaise), cette étude évalue l'association entre des émissions de cadmium dans des fonderies de zinc et l'incidence de cancers

• Variation in cancer incidence in northeastern Belgium and southeastern Netherlands seems unrelated to cadmium emission of zinc smelters
  • European Journal of Cancer Prevention, sous presse, 9000 (résumé)
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  Menée dans la région de Kempen (frontière belgo-néerlandaise), cette étude évalue l'association entre des émissions de cadmium dans des fonderies de zinc et l'incidence de cancers

  “Variation in cancer incidence in northeastern Belgium and southeastern Netherlands seems unrelated to cadmium emission of zinc smelters”

  • Verhoeven, Rob H.A.;Louwman, Marieke W.J.;Buntinx, Frank;Botterweck, Anita M.;Lousbergh, Daniel;Faes, Christel;Coebergh, Jan Willem W.

  Exposure to cadmium has been established to be carcinogenic for humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, but this is mainly based on studies with occupational exposures. The substantial 100 year long emission of cadmium by three zinc smelters in the Kempen area across the Dutch-Belgian border might have affected the incidence of cancer in this region. Following a study of increased risks of lung cancer due to cadmium emission (hazard ratio was 4.2 for high vs. low cadmium exposure areas in that study), we used data from the three regional population-based cancer registries, covering an area with 2.9 million inhabitants. Analyses of observed incidence were carried out for all cancers and cancer of the lung, kidney, bladder, prostate, testis, and breast separately. At the municipality level standardized incidence ratios were calculated and smoothed using a Poisson-gamma or a conditional autoregressive model. To detect clusters and to calculate an observed/expected ...

  
  

Mots clés : Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Environnement)

Menée à partir de mesures du champ magnétique à l'intérieur des maisons et à distance des lignes à haute tension, cette étude brésilienne (162 cas et 565 témoins) évalue l'association entre un champ électromagnétique de 60 Hz et le risque de leucémie lymphocytaire aiguë chez l'enfant à Sao Paulo

• Exposure to magnetic fields and childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia in São Paulo, Brazil
  • Cancer Epidemiology, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Menée à partir de mesures du champ magnétique à l'intérieur des maisons et à distance des lignes à haute tension, cette étude brésilienne (162 cas et 565 témoins) évalue l'association entre un champ électromagnétique de 60 Hz et le risque de leucémie lymphocytaire aiguë chez l'enfant à Sao Paulo

  “Exposure to magnetic fields and childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia in São Paulo, Brazil”

  • Wünsch-Filho, Victor;Pelissari, Daniele M.;Barbieri, Flávio E.;Sant'Anna, Leonel;de Oliveira, Claúdia T.;de Mata, Juliana F.;Tone, Luiz G.;Lee, Maria Lúcia de M.;Andréa, Maria Lydia M. de;Bruniera, Paula;Epelman, Sidnei;Filho, Vicente Odone;Kheifets, Leeka

  Background: Epidemiological studies have identified increased risks of leukemia in children living near power lines and exposed to relatively high levels of magnetic fields. Results have been remarkably consistent, but there is still no explanation for this increase. In this study we evaluated the effect of 60 Hz magnetic fields on acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: This case-control study included ALL cases (n = 162) recruited from eight hospitals between January 2003 and February 2009. Controls (n = 565) matched on gender, age, and city of birth were selected from the São Paulo Birth Registry. Exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF MF) was based on measurements inside home and distance to power lines. Results: For 24 h measurements in children rooms, levels of ELF MF equal to or greater than 0.3 microtesla ([mu]T), compared to children exposed to levels below 0.1 [mu]T showed no increased risk of ALL (odds ratio ...

  
  

Mots clés : Leucémie; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Environnement)

A partir des données d'une cohorte prospective britannique, cette étude cas-témoins combinée à une méta-analyse évalue l'association entre l'utilisation d'un traitement hormonal substitutif de la ménopause et le risque de cancer gastrointestinal

• Menopausal hormone therapy and risk of gastrointestinal cancer: Nested case–control study within a prospective cohort, and meta-analysis
  • International Journal of Cancer, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  A partir des données d'une cohorte prospective britannique, cette étude cas-témoins combinée à une méta-analyse évalue l'association entre l'utilisation d'un traitement hormonal substitutif de la ménopause et le risque de cancer gastrointestinal

  “Menopausal hormone therapy and risk of gastrointestinal cancer: Nested case–control study within a prospective cohort, and meta-analysis”

  • Green, Jane;Czanner, Gabriela;Reeves, Gillian;Watson, Joanna;Wise, Lesley;Roddam, Andrew;Beral, Valerie

  Abstract Use of menopausal hormone therapy (HT) has been associated with reduced risk of colorectal cancer; evidence for its effect on other gastrointestinal cancers is limited. We conducted a nested case–control study within a UK cohort, and meta-analyses combining our results with those from published studies. Our study included women aged 50+ in the UK General Practice Research Database (GPRD): 1,054 with oesophageal, 750 with gastric and 4,708 with colorectal cancer, and 5 age- and practice-matched controls per case. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for cancer in relation to prospectively-recorded HT prescriptions were estimated by conditional logistic regression. Women prescribed HT had a reduced risk of oesophageal cancer (adjusted RR for 1+ vs. no HT prescriptions, 0.68, 95% CI 0.53–0.88; p = 0.004), gastric cancer (0.75, 0.54–1.05; p = 0.1) and colorectal cancer (0.81, 0.73–0.90; p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in cancer risk by ...

  
  

Mots clés : Colon-rectum; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : THS et contraceptifs)

Cette étude (254 cas et 250 témoins) évalue l'association entre une infection par le papillomavirus humain et le risque de polypes colorectaux

• No evidence for human papillomavirus in the etiology of colorectal polyps
  • Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Cette étude (254 cas et 250 témoins) évalue l'association entre une infection par le papillomavirus humain et le risque de polypes colorectaux

  “No evidence for human papillomavirus in the etiology of colorectal polyps”

  • Burnett-Hartman, Andrea N.;Newcomb, Polly A.;Mandelson, Margaret;Galloway, Denise A.;Madeleine, Margaret M.;Wurscher, Michelle A.;Carter, Joseph J.;Potter, John D.;Schwartz, Stephen M.

  Background: While some studies have reported detection of oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) in colorectal tumors, others have not. Methods: We examined the association between oncogenic HPV infection and colorectal polyps in a case-control study of individuals with colorectal adenomas (n=167), hyperplastic polyps (n=87), and polyp-free controls (n=250). We performed real-time PCR for HPV-16 /18 DNA, and SPF PCR covering 43 HPV types, on lesional and normal colorectal tissue samples. Plasma antibodies for oncogenic HPV types were assessed via a bead-based multiplex Luminex assay. Results: HPV DNA was not found in any of the 609 successfully assayed colorectal tissue samples from adenomas, hyperplastic polyps, normal biopsies adjacent to polyps, or normal biopsies of the rectum of disease-free controls. Also, there was no association between HPV seropositivity for all oncogenic HPV types combined, for either polyp type, and for men or women. When analyses were restricted to ...

  
  

Mots clés : Colon-rectum; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Agents infectieux)

Menée en Australie, cette étude (312 cas et 398 témoins) évalue l'association entre une infection par Helicobacter pylori et le risque d'endobrachyœsophage

• Helicobacter pylori infection and the risks of Barrett's oesophagus: A population-based case–control study
  • International Journal of Cancer, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Menée en Australie, cette étude (312 cas et 398 témoins) évalue l'association entre une infection par Helicobacter pylori et le risque d'endobrachyœsophage

  “Helicobacter pylori infection and the risks of Barrett's oesophagus: A population-based case–control study”

  • Thrift, Aaron P.;Pandeya, Nirmala;Smith, Kylie J.;Green, Adèle C.;Hayward, Nicholas K.;Webb, Penelope M.;Whiteman, David C.

  Abstract Infection with Helicobacter pylori is associated with significantly reduced risks of oesophageal adenocarcinoma; however, few studies have examined the association between H. pylori and Barrett's oesophagus (BO), the precursor lesion. We explored the relationship between H. pylori infection and BO and sought to identify potential modifiers. We compared the prevalence of positive H. pylori serology among 217 adults with simple BO (without dysplasia), 95 with dysplastic BO and 398 population controls sourced from the metropolitan Brisbane area. We determined H. pylori serostatus using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To estimate relative risks, we calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using multivariable logistic regression in the entire sample and stratified by factors known to cause BO. The prevalence of H. pylori seropositivity was 12%, 3%, and 18%, respectively, among patients with simple BO, dysplastic BO and population controls. BO patients were ...

  
  

Mots clés : Oesophage; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Agents infectieux)

Menée en Chine, cette étude (645 cas et 711 témoins) évalue l'association entre le groupe sanguin A, B, O, une infection par le virus de l'hépatite B, et le risque de cancer du pancréas

• ABO blood group, hepatitis B viral infection, and risk of pancreatic cancer
  • International Journal of Cancer, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Menée en Chine, cette étude (645 cas et 711 témoins) évalue l'association entre le groupe sanguin A, B, O, une infection par le virus de l'hépatite B, et le risque de cancer du pancréas

  “ABO blood group, hepatitis B viral infection, and risk of pancreatic cancer”

  • Wang, De-shen;Chen, Dong-liang;Ren, Chao;Wang, Zhi-qiang;Qiu, Miao-zhen;Luo, Hui-yan;Zhang, Dong-sheng;Wang, Feng-hua;Li, Yu-hong;Xu, Rui-hua

  Abstract Little is known about the role of association between ABO blood type and risk of pancreatic cancer develops through effects on hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection. This study aimed to determine whether joint ABO blood type and HBV infection could increase the risk for pancreatic cancer. A total of 645 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and 711 age-, and sex-matched individuals who had nonmalignant diseases treated at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center in China were retrospectively analyzed. Blood samples were tested for ABO blood type and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs), hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), hepatitis B e antibody (anti-HBe) and hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc). Multivariable unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios [AORs] and 95% confidence interval [CI]. Multivariable analysis with adjustment for risk factors showed that A blood type, ...

  
  

Mots clés : Pancréas; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Agents infectieux)

A partir d'une enquête menée dans la province de Shanxi, cette étude chinoise (1 515 cas et 1 514 témoins) évalue les facteurs de risques pour un cancer oesophagien ou gastrique

• Risk factors for esophageal and gastric cancers in Shanxi Province, China: A case-control study
  • Cancer Epidemiology, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  A partir d'une enquête menée dans la province de Shanxi, cette étude chinoise (1 515 cas et 1 514 témoins) évalue les facteurs de risques pour un cancer oesophagien ou gastrique

  “Risk factors for esophageal and gastric cancers in Shanxi Province, China: A case-control study”

  • Gao, Ying;Hu, Nan;Han, Xiao You;Ding, Ti;Giffen, Carol;Goldstein, Alisa M.;Taylor, Philip R.

  Objective: Smoking and alcohol consumption explain little of the risk for upper-gastrointestinal (UGI) cancer in China, where over half of all cases in the world occur. Methods: We evaluated questionnaire-based risk factors for UGI cancers in a case-control study from Shanxi Province, China, including 600 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs), 599 gastric cardia adenocarcinomas (GCAs), 316 gastric noncardia adenocarcinomas (GNCAs), and 1514 age- and gender-matched controls. Results: Ever smoking and ever use of any alcohol were not associated with risk of UGI cancer; only modest associations were observed between ESCC risk and highest cumulative smoking exposure, as well as GNCA risk and beer drinking. While several associations were noted for socioeconomic and some dietary variables with one or two UGI cancers, the strongest and most consistent relations for all three individual UGI cancers were observed for consumption of scalding hot foods (risk increased 150-219% for daily ...

  
  

Mots clés : Oesophage; Etiologie (Facteurs exogènes : Autres)

Cette étude de cohorte prospective incluant 578 700 participants norvégiens, autrichiens et suédois évalue l'association entre divers facteurs de risque de nature métabolique et un risque de cancer primitif du foie

• Metabolic risk factors and primary liver cancer in a prospective study of 578,700 adults
  • International Journal of Cancer, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Cette étude de cohorte prospective incluant 578 700 participants norvégiens, autrichiens et suédois évalue l'association entre divers facteurs de risque de nature métabolique et un risque de cancer primitif du foie

  “Metabolic risk factors and primary liver cancer in a prospective study of 578,700 adults”

  • Borena, Wegene;Strohmaier, Susanne;Lukanova, Annekatrin;Bjørge, Tone;Lindkvist, Björn;Hallmans, Goran;Edlinger, Michael;Stocks, Tanja;Nagel, Gabriele;Manjer, Jonas;Engeland, Anders;Selmer, Randi;Häggström, Christel;Tretli, Steinar;Concin, Hans;Jonsson, Håkan;Stattin, Pär;Ulmer, Hanno

  Abstract Initial studies have indicated diabetes and obesity to be risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma; but the association between other metabolic risk factors and primary liver cancer has not been investigated. The metabolic syndrome and cancer project (Me-Can) includes cohorts from Norway, Austria, and Sweden with data on 578,700 subjects. We used Cox proportional hazard models to calculate relative risks (RRs) of primary liver cancer by body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and plasma levels of glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides as continuous standardized variables (z-score with mean=0 and standard deviation (SD)=1) and their standardized sum of metabolic syndrome (MetS) z-score. RRs were corrected for random error in measurements. During an average follow-up of 12.0 years (SD=7.8), 266 primary liver cancers were diagnosed among cohort members. Relative risk of liver cancer per unit increment of z-score adjusted for age, smoking status and BMI and stratified by birth ...

  
  

Mots clés : Foie; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Couplée aux données de la cohorte "Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium", cette étude (8 576 cas et 11 892 témoins) évalue l'influence de polymorphismes génétiques à simple nucléotide sur les associations connues entre divers facteurs de risque et le cancer du sein

• Interactions Between Genetic Variants and Breast Cancer Risk Factors in the Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium
  • Journal of the National Cancer Institute, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Couplée aux données de la cohorte "Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium", cette étude (8 576 cas et 11 892 témoins) évalue l'influence de polymorphismes génétiques à simple nucléotide sur les associations connues entre divers facteurs de risque et le cancer du sein

  “Interactions Between Genetic Variants and Breast Cancer Risk Factors in the Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium”

  • Campa, Daniele;Kaaks, Rudolf;Le Marchand, Loïc;Haiman, Christopher A.;Travis, Ruth C.;Berg, Christine D.;Buring, Julie E.;Chanock, Stephen J.;Diver, W.Ryan;Dostal, Lucie;Fournier, Agnes;Hankinson, Susan E.;Henderson, Brian E.;Hoover, Robert N.;Isaacs, Claudine;Johansson, Mattias;Kolonel, Laurence N.;Kraft, Peter;Lee, I-Min;McCarty, Catherine A.;Overvad, Kim;Panico, Salvatore;Peeters, Petra H.M.;Riboli, Elio;Sanchez, Maria José;Schumacher, Fredrick R.;Skeie, Guri;Stram, Daniel O.;Thun, Michael J.;Trichopoulos, Dimitrios;Zhang, Shumin;Ziegler, Regina G.;Hunter, David J.;Lindström, Sara;Canzian, Federico

  Background Recently, several genome-wide association studies have identified various genetic susceptibility loci for breast cancer. Relatively little is known about the possible interactions between these loci and the established risk factors for breast cancer.Methods To assess interactions between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and established risk factors, we prospectively collected DNA samples and questionnaire data from 8576 breast cancer case subjects and 11 892 control subjects nested within the National Cancer Institute's Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3). We genotyped 17 germline SNPs (FGFR2-rs2981582, FGFR2-rs3750817, TNRC9-rs3803662, 2q35-rs13387042, MAP3K1-rs889312, 8q24-rs13281615, CASP8-rs1045485, LSP1-rs3817198, COL1A1-rs2075555, COX11-rs6504950, RNF146-rs2180341, 6q25-rs2046210, SLC4A7-rs4973768, NOTCH2-rs11249433, 5p12-rs4415084, 5p12-rs10941679, RAD51L1-rs999737), and odds ratios were estimated by logistic regression to confirm previously ...

  
  

Mots clés : Sein; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Menée en Suède auprès de 354 860 participants, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre l'âge gestationnel à la naissance (né prématuré, grand prématuré, né à terme) et le risque de cancer du testicule

• Gestational age at birth and risk of testicular cancer
  • International Journal of Cancer, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Menée en Suède auprès de 354 860 participants, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre l'âge gestationnel à la naissance (né prématuré, grand prématuré, né à terme) et le risque de cancer du testicule

  “Gestational age at birth and risk of testicular cancer”

  • Crump, Casey;Sundquist, Kristina;Winkleby, Marilyn A.;Sieh, Weiva;Sundquist, Jan

  Abstract Most testicular germ cell tumors originate from carcinoma in situ cells in fetal life, possibly related to sex hormone imbalances in early pregnancy. Previous studies of association between gestational age at birth and testicular cancer have yielded discrepant results and have not examined extreme preterm birth. Our objective was to determine whether low gestational age at birth is independently associated with testicular cancer in later life. We conducted a national cohort study of 354,860 men born in Sweden in 1973-1979, including 19,214 born preterm (gestational age <37 weeks) of whom 1,279 were born extremely preterm (22-29 weeks), followed for testicular cancer incidence through 2008. A total of 767 testicular cancers (296 seminomas and 471 nonseminomatous germ cell tumors) were identified in 11.2 million person-years of follow-up. Extreme preterm birth was associated with an increased risk of testicular cancer (hazard ratio 3.95; 95% CI, 1.67-9.34) after adjusting for ...

  
  

Mots clés : Testicule; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Cette étude italienne (61 cas et 122 témoins) évalue l'association entre des polymorphismes des gènes TP53 et MDM2 et le risque d'un carcinome hépatocellulaire associé à une hépatite virale

• TP53 and MDM2 gene polymorphisms and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Italian patients
  • Infectious Agents and Cancer, Vol. 6 (1), pp. 13, 2011 (résumé)
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  Cette étude italienne (61 cas et 122 témoins) évalue l'association entre des polymorphismes des gènes TP53 et MDM2 et le risque d'un carcinome hépatocellulaire associé à une hépatite virale

  “TP53 and MDM2 gene polymorphisms and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Italian patients”

  • Di Vuolo, Valeria;Buonaguro, Luigi;Izzo, Francesco;Losito, Simona;Botti, Gerardo;Buonaguro, Franco;Tornesello, Maria Lina

  BACKGROUND:Single-nucleotide polymorphisms within TP53 gene (codon 72 exon 4, rs1042522, encoding either arginine or proline) and MDM2 promoter (SNP309; rs2279744), have been independently associated with increased risk of several cancer types. Few studies have analysed the role of these polymorphisms in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.METHODS:Genotype distribution of TP53 codon 72 and MDM2 SNP309 in 61 viral hepatitis-related hepatocellular carcinoma cases and 122 blood samples (healthy controls) from Italian subjects were determined by PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).RESULTS:Frequencies of TP53 codon 72 alleles were not significantly different between cases and controls. A significant increase of MDM2 SNP309 G/G and T/G genotypes were observed among hepatocellular carcinoma cases (Odds Ratio, OR = 3.56, 95% Confidence Limits, 95% CI = 1.3-9.7; and OR = 2.82, 95% CI = 1.3-6.4, respectively).CONCLUSIONS:These results highlight a significant role of ...

  
  

Mots clés : Foie; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Cette étude de cohorte prospective en population suédoise (36 959 participants agés de 45 à 79 ans) évalue l'association entre l'indice de masse corporelle au début et milieu de l'âge adulte et le risque de cancer de la prostate par stade (localisé, avancé et fatal)

• Body mass index in early and middle-late adulthood and risk of localised, advanced and fatal prostate cancer: a population-based prospective study
  • Br J Cancer, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Cette étude de cohorte prospective en population suédoise (36 959 participants agés de 45 à 79 ans) évalue l'association entre l'indice de masse corporelle au début et milieu de l'âge adulte et le risque de cancer de la prostate par stade (localisé, avancé et fatal)

  “Body mass index in early and middle-late adulthood and risk of localised, advanced and fatal prostate cancer: a population-based prospective study”

  • Discacciati, A.;Orsini, N.;Andersson, S. O.;Andren, O.;Johansson, J. E.;Wolk, A.

  Background: The relationships between body mass index (BMI) during early and middle-late adulthood and incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) by subtype of the disease (localised, advanced) and fatal PCa is unclear. Methods: A population-based cohort of 36 959 Swedish men aged 45–79 years was followed up from January 1998 through December 2008 for incidence of PCa (1530 localised and 554 advanced cases were diagnosed) and through December 2007 for PCa mortality (225 fatal cases). Results: From a competing-risks analysis, incidence of localised PCa was observed to be inversely associated with BMI at baseline (middle-late adulthood; rate ratio (RR) for 35 kg m–2 when compared with 22 kg m–2 was 0.69 (95% CI 0.52–0.92)), but not at age 30. For fatal PCa, BMI at baseline was associated with a nonstatistically significant increased risk (RR for every five-unit increase: 1.12 (0.88–1.43)) and BMI at age 30 with a decreased risk (RR for every five-unit increase: 0.72 ...

  
  

Mots clés : Prostate; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Cette étude américaine (706 cas et 706 témoins) évalue l'association entre 41 polymorphismes à simple nucléotide de 10 gènes de l'axe IGF (Insulin-like Growth Factor) et le risque de cancer du pancréas

• Insulin-like growth factor axis gene polymorphisms modify risk of pancreatic cancer
  • Cancer Epidemiology, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Cette étude américaine (706 cas et 706 témoins) évalue l'association entre 41 polymorphismes à simple nucléotide de 10 gènes de l'axe IGF (Insulin-like Growth Factor) et le risque de cancer du pancréas

  “Insulin-like growth factor axis gene polymorphisms modify risk of pancreatic cancer”

  • Dong, Xiaoqun;Li, Yanan;Tang, Hongwei;Chang, Ping;Hess, Kenneth R.;Abbruzzese, James L.;Li, Donghui

  Objective: Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-axis genes plays a critical role in cancer development and progression via their impact on the RAS/MAPK/ERK and PI3 K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. We hypothesized that IGF-axis genetic variants modify individual susceptibility to pancreatic cancer. Methods: We retrospectively genotyped 41 single-nucleotide polymorphisms of 10 IGF-axis genes (IGF1, IGF2, IGF1R, IGF2R, IGFBP1, IGFBP3, IGFBP5, IRS1, IRS2, and IRS4) in 706 pancreatic cancer patients and 706 cancer-free controls using Sequenom and TaqMan technology. The association between genotype and pancreatic cancer risk was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression. A P value <=.007 at a false discovery rate of 10% was set as the significance level. Results: We observed that the IGF1 *10212C>A and Ex4+2776G>A and IGF1R IVS2-70184A>G and IVS2+46329T>C variant genotypes were significantly associated with decreased pancreatic cancer risk (odds ratio [OR] range, 0.60-0.75) and that ...

  
  

Mots clés : Pancréas; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Menée à partir des données de plusieurs études de cohortes prospectives (1 297 124 femmes), cette méta-anlyse évalue l'association entre la taille de l'individu et le risque de cancer

• Height and cancer incidence in the Million Women Study: prospective cohort, and meta-analysis of prospective studies of height and total cancer risk
  • The Lancet Oncology, Vol. 12 (8), pp. 785-794, 2011 (résumé)
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  Menée à partir des données de plusieurs études de cohortes prospectives (1 297 124 femmes), cette méta-anlyse évalue l'association entre la taille de l'individu et le risque de cancer

  “Height and cancer incidence in the Million Women Study: prospective cohort, and meta-analysis of prospective studies of height and total cancer risk”

  • Green, Jane;Cairns, Benjamin J.;Casabonne, Delphine;Wright, F. Lucy;Reeves, Gillian;Beral, Valerie

  Epidemiological studies have shown that taller people are at increased risk of cancer, but it is unclear if height-associated risks vary by cancer site, or by other factors such as smoking and socioeconomic status. Our aim was to investigate these associations in a large UK prospective cohort with sufficient information on incident cancer to allow direct comparison of height-associated risk across cancer sites and in relation to major potential confounding and modifying factors. Information on height and other factors relevant for cancer was obtained in 1996?2001 for middle-aged women without previous cancer who were followed up for cancer incidence. We used Cox regression models to calculate adjusted relative risks (RRs) per 10 cm increase in measured height for total incident cancer and for 17 specific cancer sites, taking attained age as the underlying time variable. We also did a meta-analysis of published results from prospective studies of total cancer risk in relation to ...

  
  
• Height and cancer: consistent links, but mechanisms unclear
  • The Lancet Oncology, Vol. 12 (8), pp. 716-717, 2011 (éditorial)
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  Menée à partir des données de plusieurs études de cohortes prospectives (1 297 124 femmes), cette méta-anlyse évalue l'association entre la taille de l'individu et le risque de cancer

  “Height and cancer: consistent links, but mechanisms unclear”

  • Renehan, Andrew G.

  
  

Mots clés : Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature, cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre le diabète et le risque de cholangiocarcinome (tumeur des voies biliaires)

• Diabetes mellitus and increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma: a meta-analysis
  • European Journal of Cancer Prevention, sous presse, 9000 (résumé)
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  A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature, cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre le diabète et le risque de cholangiocarcinome (tumeur des voies biliaires)

  “Diabetes mellitus and increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma: a meta-analysis”

  • Jing, Wei;Jin, Gang;Zhou, Xuyu;Zhou, Yingqi;Zhang, Yijie;Shao, Chenghao;Liu, Rui;Hu, Xiangui

  Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of several types of cancers. However, its relationship with cholangiocarcinoma (CC), which includes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC), remains unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the association between diabetes and the risk of CC (including ICC and ECC). We identified studies by a literature search of Medline (from 1 January 1966) and Embase (from 1 January 1974), through 30 November 2010, and by searching the reference lists of pertinent articles. Summary relative risks (RRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with a random-effects model. A total of 15 articles (10 case-control and five cohort studies) were included in this study. The number of reports on DM and risk of specific cancer were as follows: CC (n=5), ECC (n=9), and ICC (n=9). Compared with those without diabetes, individuals with diabetes had an ...

  
  

Mots clés : Voies biliaires; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Menée en population taïwanaise auprès de femmes agées de 13 à 65 ans, cette étude (67 936 cas et 135 872 témoins) évalue l'association entre une maladie inflammatoire pelvienne et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire

• Risk of ovarian cancer in women with pelvic inflammatory disease: a population-based study
  • The Lancet Oncology, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Menée en population taïwanaise auprès de femmes agées de 13 à 65 ans, cette étude (67 936 cas et 135 872 témoins) évalue l'association entre une maladie inflammatoire pelvienne et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire

  “Risk of ovarian cancer in women with pelvic inflammatory disease: a population-based study”

  • Lin, Hui-Wen;Tu, Ying-Yueh;Lin, Shiyng Yu;Su, Wei-Ju;Lin, Wei Li;Lin, Wei Zer;Wu, Shen-Chi;Lai, Yuen-Liang

  Ovarian cancer is commonly fatal and incidence has persistently risen in Taiwan over the past 20 years. Prevention strategies, however, are limited. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) has been suggested to increase the risk of developing ovarian cancer, but the results of studies have been inconsistent. Therefore, we investigated whether PID increases the risk of developing ovarian cancer in a large, nationwide cohort. From the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005 (LHID2005) in Taiwan, we obtained data for women aged 13?65 years for whom a diagnosis of PID, confirmed by multiple episodes, had been recorded between Jan 1, 2004, and Dec 31, 2005. We also obtained data for two controls per patient, matched for age and the year of first entry into the LHID2005. All patients were followed up from the date of entry in the LHID2005 until they developed ovarian cancer or to the end of 2006, whichever was earlier. We used Cox's regression models to assess the risk of developing ovarian ...

  
  
• Missing link: inflammation and ovarian cancer
  • The Lancet Oncology, sous presse, 2011 (commentaire)
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  Menée en population taïwanaise auprès de femmes agées de 13 à 65 ans, cette étude (67 936 cas et 135 872 témoins) évalue l'association entre une maladie inflammatoire pelvienne et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire

  “Missing link: inflammation and ovarian cancer”

  • Pejovic, Tanja ; Nezhat, Farr

  
  

Mots clés : Ovaire; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Menée dans 10 pays européens, cette étude multi-centrique (1 779 cas et 1 993 témoins) évalue l'association entre l'histoire médicale du patient (herpès, verrues, pyrosis, régurgitations), les médicaments utilisés et le risque de cancer des voies aérodigestives supérieures

• Role of medical history and medication use in the aetiology of upper aerodigestive tract cancers in Europe: the ARCAGE study
  • Annals of Oncology, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Menée dans 10 pays européens, cette étude multi-centrique (1 779 cas et 1 993 témoins) évalue l'association entre l'histoire médicale du patient (herpès, verrues, pyrosis, régurgitations), les médicaments utilisés et le risque de cancer des voies aérodigestives supérieures

  “Role of medical history and medication use in the aetiology of upper aerodigestive tract cancers in Europe: the ARCAGE study”

  • Macfarlane, T. V.;Macfarlane, G. J.;Thakker, N. S.;Benhamou, S.;Bouchardy, C.;Ahrens, W.;Pohlabeln, H.;Lagiou, P.;Lagiou, A.;Castellsague, X.;Agudo, A.;Slamova, A.;Plzak, J.;Merletti, F.;Richiardi, L.;Talamini, R.;Barzan, L.;Kjaerheim, K.;Canova, C.;Simonato, L.;Conway, D. I.;McKinney, P. A.;Thomson, P.;Sloan, P.;Znaor, A.;Healy, C. M.;McCartan, B. E.;Marron, M.;Brennan, P.

  Background: The study aimed to investigate the role of medical history (skin warts, Candida albicans, herpetic lesions, heartburn, regurgitation) and medication use (for heartburn; for regurgitation; aspirin) in the aetiology of upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancer.Methods: A multicentre (10 European countries) case–control study [Alcohol-Related CAncers and GEnetic susceptibility (ARCAGE) project].Results: There were 1779 cases of UADT cancer and 1993 controls. History of warts or C. albicans infection was associated with a reduced risk [odds ratio (OR) 0.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68–0.94 and OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.60–0.89, respectively] but there was no association with herpetic lesions, heartburn, regurgitation or medication for related symptoms. Regurgitation was associated with an increased risk for cancer of the oesophagus (OR 1.47, 95% CI 0.98–2.21). Regular aspirin use was not associated with risk of UADT cancer overall but was associated with a reduced risk for ...

  
  

Mots clés : Voies aérodigestives supérieures; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Cette étude de cohorte norvégienne (58 191 participantes) évalue l'association entre des facteurs reproductifs, la taille, l'indice de masse corporelle et le risque de cancer du sein chez des femmes ménopausées

• Joint effects of nulliparity and other breast cancer risk factors
  • Br J Cancer, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Cette étude de cohorte norvégienne (58 191 participantes) évalue l'association entre des facteurs reproductifs, la taille, l'indice de masse corporelle et le risque de cancer du sein chez des femmes ménopausées

  “Joint effects of nulliparity and other breast cancer risk factors”

  • Opdahl, S.;Alsaker, M. D. K.;Janszky, I.;Romundstad, P. R.;Vatten, L. J.

  Pregnancy may reduce breast cancer risk through induction of persistent changes of the mammary gland that make the breast less susceptible to carcinogenic factors. It is not known to what extent the effects of parity are independent of other breast cancer risk factors. Methods: In a Norwegian cohort of 58 191 women (2890 breast cancers), we assessed whether the effects of parity on postmenopausal breast cancer risk may be modified by menstrual and anthropometric factors. We calculated attributable proportions due to interaction as a measure of synergism. Results: Parity, height, body mass index (BMI), age at menarche and menopause were all associated with breast cancer risk in the expected directions. For BMI, follow-up was stratified into two age groups because of non-proportional hazards. We found that nulliparity and overweight may amplify each other's effect on breast cancer risk among women after 70 years of age (attributable proportion 0.21, 95% confidence interval ...

  
  

Mots clés : Sein; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Couplée à la cohorte européenne EPIC, cette étude (554 cas et 821 témoins) évalue l'association entre le niveau sérique d'hormones sexuelles stéroïdiennes et le risque de cancer du sein HER+ et HER- après la ménopause

• Postmenopausal serum sex steroids and risk of hormone receptor positive and negative breast cancer: a nested case-control study
  • Cancer Prevention Research, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Couplée à la cohorte européenne EPIC, cette étude (554 cas et 821 témoins) évalue l'association entre le niveau sérique d'hormones sexuelles stéroïdiennes et le risque de cancer du sein HER+ et HER- après la ménopause

  “Postmenopausal serum sex steroids and risk of hormone receptor positive and negative breast cancer: a nested case-control study”

  • Ritte, Rebecca E;Lukanova, Annekatrin;Dossus, Laure;Becker, Susen;Rinaldi, Sabina;Tjonneland, Anne A M;Olsen, Anja;Overvad, Kim K;Mesrine, Sylvie;ENGEL, Pierre;Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise;Chang-Claude, Jenny;Vrieling, Alina;Boeing, Heiner;Schutze, Madlen;Antonia Trichopoulou, Antonia;Lagiou, Pagona;Trichopoulos, Dimitrios;Palli, Domenico;Krogh, Vittorio;Panico, Salvatore;Tumino, Rosario;Sacerdote, Carlotta;Rodriguez, Laudina;Buckland, Genevieve;Sanchez, Maria-Jose;Amiano, Pilar;Ardanaz, Eva;Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas;Ros, Martine M;van Gils, Carla H;Peeters, Petra H.M.;Khaw, Kay-Tee;Wareham, Nicholas J;Key, Timothy J;Allen, Naomi E;Romieu, Isabelle;Siddiq, Afshan;Cox, David G;Riboli, Elio;Kaaks, Rudolf

  Pre-diagnostic endogenous sex steroid hormone levels have well established associations with overall risk of breast cancer. While evidence towards the existence of distinct subtypes of breast cancer accumulates, few studies have investigated the associations of sex steroid hormone levels with risk of hormone receptor (estrogen (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PR)) defined breast cancer. In a case-control study nested within the EPIC cohort (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition), estradiol, testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin levels were measured in pre-diagnostic serum samples from postmenopausal women not using HRT at blood donation. 554 women who developed invasive breast cancer with information on receptor status were matched with 821 control subjects. Conditional logistic regression models estimated breast cancer risk with hormone concentrations according to hormone receptor status of the tumor. Sex steroid hormones were associated with risks of ...

  
  

Mots clés : Sein; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

A partir des données de la cohorte européenne EPIC, cette étude cas-témoins évalue l'association entre le niveau d'hormones circulantes IGF-I et IGFBP-3 et le risque de tumeurs cérébrales

• Concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 and Brain Tumor Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
  • Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  A partir des données de la cohorte européenne EPIC, cette étude cas-témoins évalue l'association entre le niveau d'hormones circulantes IGF-I et IGFBP-3 et le risque de tumeurs cérébrales

  “Concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 and Brain Tumor Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition”

  • Rohrmann, Sabine;Linseisen, Jakob;Becker, Susen;Allen, Naomi;Schlehofer, Brigitte;Overvad, Kim;Olsen, Anja;Tjønneland, Anne;Melin, Beatrice S.;Lund, Eiliv;Vineis, Paolo;Grioni, Sara;Tumino, Rosario;Palli, Domenico;Mattiello, Amalia;Bonet, Catalina;Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores;Sánchez, María-José;Rodríguez, Laudina;Dorronsoro, Miren;Ardanaz, Eva;Lagiou, Pagona;Trichopoulou, Antonia;Trichopoulos, Dimitrios;Dossus, Laure;Grote, Verena A.;Boeing, Heiner;Aleksandrova, Krasimira;Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas;van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J.B.;Peeters, Petra H.M.;Khaw, Kay-Tee;Wareham, Nicholas J.;Key, Timothy J.;Rinaldi, Sabina;Romieux, Isabelle;Gallo, Valentina;Michaud, Dominique S.;Riboli, Elio;Kaaks, Rudolf

  Background: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I) is important in normal brain development but in the adult brain, IGF-I overexpression may be a risk factor for tumor development.Methods: We examined the association between circulating concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in relation to risk of gliomas (74 low-grade, 206 high-grade gliomas), meningiomas (n = 174) and acoustic neuromas (n = 49) by using a case–control design nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were measured by ELISAs.Conditional logistic regression was used to compute ORs and corresponding 95% CIs.Results: The risk of low-grade gliomas was elevated with increased IGF-I (OR = 3.60, 95% CI: 1.11–11.7; top vs. bottom quartile) and decreased with elevated IGFBP-3 concentrations (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.09–0.84) after mutual adjustment of these two factors; these results became nonsignificant after exclusion of the first year of follow-up. No association was ...

  
  

Mots clés : Système nerveux central; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Menée entre 1995 et 2006 auprès de 187 865 femmes ménopausées âgées de 50 à 71 ans, cette étude, couplée à la cohorte américaine “NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study", évalue l'association entre des facteurs reproductifs et hormonaux et le risque de cancer de la thyroïde

• Hormonal and reproductive factors and risk of postmenopausal thyroid cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study
  • Cancer Epidemiology, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Menée entre 1995 et 2006 auprès de 187 865 femmes ménopausées âgées de 50 à 71 ans, cette étude, couplée à la cohorte américaine “NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study", évalue l'association entre des facteurs reproductifs et hormonaux et le risque de cancer de la thyroïde

  “Hormonal and reproductive factors and risk of postmenopausal thyroid cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study”

  • Schonfeld, S. J.;Ron, E.;Kitahara, C. M.;Brenner, A.;Park, Y.;Sigurdson, A. J.;Schatzkin, A.;González, A. Berrington de

  Background: Worldwide, thyroid cancer incidence rates are higher among women than men. While this suggests a possible etiologic role of female sex hormones, clear associations between hormonal and reproductive factors and thyroid cancer have not been observed. However, few large prospective studies have been conducted. Methods: Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for hormonal and reproductive factors and incident thyroid cancer were estimated using Cox regression methods in the prospective US NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Between 1995 and 2006, 312 first primary incident thyroid cancers were diagnosed among 187,865 postmenopausal women ages 50-71 at baseline. Results: Thyroid cancer was not associated with ages at menarche or menopause, menopause type, or parity. Oral contraceptive use for >=10 years (vs. never use) was inversely associated with thyroid cancer risk (HR, 0.48; 95%CI, 0.28-0.84; Ptrend = 0.01). Women who reported current menopausal hormone therapy ...

  
  

Mots clés : Thyroïde; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Menée en Israël, cette étude de cohorte historique évalue l'association entre un diabète pendant la grossesse et le risque de cancers

• Gestational diabetes and risk of incident primary cancer: a large historical cohort study in Israel
  • Cancer Causes and Control, pp. 1-8, 0 (résumé)
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  Menée en Israël, cette étude de cohorte historique évalue l'association entre un diabète pendant la grossesse et le risque de cancers

  “Gestational diabetes and risk of incident primary cancer: a large historical cohort study in Israel”

  • Sella, Tal;Chodick, Gabriel;Barchana, Micha;Heymann, Anthony;Porath, Avi;Kokia, Ehud;Shalev, Varda

  Purpose Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a state of glucose intolerance associated with pregnancy, is increasing in prevalence. Data regarding the cancer risk associated with GDM are sparse and limited to cancers of the breast and pancreas. This study was conducted to examine the risk of incident overall and site-specific malignancies associated with prior GDM in a historical cohort of women in a large health maintenance organization in Israel. Methods All pregnant women aged 15–50 years who underwent 50-g glucose challenge tests between 13 March 1995 and 27 May 2009, without history of malignancy, diabetes, and infertility, were included. Clinical and demographic parameters at index date including age, socioeconomic level, BMI, and parity were collected. Diagnosis of gestational diabetes was based on the 100-g oral glucose tolerance test using Carpenter and Coustan criteria. Cancer diagnoses were obtained from the Israel Cancer Register through linkage data. Results Among the ...

  
  

Mots clés : Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Menée à partir des données de registres des cancers auprès de 152 enfants de moins de 15 ans nés en Norvège, Suède, Finlande ou au Danemark, cette étude évalue l'association entre les caractéristiques périnatales et le risque de cancer des cellules germinales durant l'enfance

• Perinatal risk factors for childhood testicular germ-cell cancer: A Nordic population-based study
  • Cancer Epidemiology, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Menée à partir des données de registres des cancers auprès de 152 enfants de moins de 15 ans nés en Norvège, Suède, Finlande ou au Danemark, cette étude évalue l'association entre les caractéristiques périnatales et le risque de cancer des cellules germinales durant l'enfance

  “Perinatal risk factors for childhood testicular germ-cell cancer: A Nordic population-based study”

  • Stephansson, Olof;Wahnström, Caroline;Pettersson, Andreas;Sørensen, Henrik Toft;Tretli, Steinar;Gissler, Mika;Troisi, Rebecca;Akre, Olof;Grotmol, Tom

  Introduction In contrast to research in adults, there have been limited studies on testicular germ-cell cancer among boys aged <15 years. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between perinatal characteristics and childhood testicular germ-cell cancer.Methods We identified 152 patients with childhood germ-cell cancer among boys (<15 years) born in Norway, Sweden, Finland and Denmark between 1967 and 2006 using the cancer and medical birth registries. For each case we sampled 10 population controls matched on year and country of birth. We used conditional logistic regression analysis to estimate odds ratios for cancer risk.Results There was a weak, positive association between high (>=4000 g) birth weight and childhood testicular germ-cell cancer (adjusted OR = 1.25; 95% CI: 0.83-1.90) compared with normal birth weight, and a correspondingly elevated risk for low birth weight (adjusted OR = 1.41; 95% CI: 0.43-4.56). For Ponderal Index (PI) there was an ...

  
  

Mots clés : Testicule; Etiologie (Facteurs endogènes)

Menée auprès de 1 477 femmes porteuses de mutations BRCA1, cette étude de cohorte évalue leur risque de cancer du sein selon leur pays de résidence (Canada, Etats-Unis, Pologne)

• The risk of breast cancer in women with a BRCA1 mutation from north america and poland
  • International Journal of Cancer, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Menée auprès de 1 477 femmes porteuses de mutations BRCA1, cette étude de cohorte évalue leur risque de cancer du sein selon leur pays de résidence (Canada, Etats-Unis, Pologne)

  “The risk of breast cancer in women with a BRCA1 mutation from north america and poland”

  • Lubinski, Jan;Huzarski, Tomasz;Byrski, Tomasz;Lynch, Henry T.;Cybulski, Cezary;Ghadirian, Parviz;Stawicka, Malgorzata;Foulkes, William D.;Kilar, Ewa;Kim-Sing, Charmaine;Neuhausen, Susan L.;Armel, Susan;Gilchrist, Dawna;Sweet, Kevin;Gronwald, Jacek;Eisen, Andrea;Gorski, Bohdan;Sun, Ping;Narod, Steven A.;The Hereditary Breast Cancer Clinical Study, Group

  Abstract Women with a BRCA1 mutation face a high lifetime risk of breast cancer. It is unknown to what extent environmental factors modify the inherent genetic risk. If women from different countries, but with similar mutations, experience different levels of cancer risk, non-genetic risk modifiers are likely to be present. Study subjects were a cohort of 1477 women with a BRCA1 mutation, from Canada (n = 358), the United States (n = 256) and Poland (n = 863). The women were followed for a mean of 4.3 years and 130 incident cases of breast cancer were recorded. Annual cancer incidence rates were calculated, and based on these, penetrance curves were constructed for women from North America and Poland. In a Cox proportional hazards model, residence in Poland, versus North America, was associated with an adjusted hazard ratio of 0.54 (95% CI 0.34-0.86; p = 0.01). The risk of breast cancer to age 70 was estimated to be 49% for women from Poland and 72% for women from North America. Among ...

  
  

Mots clés : Sein; Etiologie (Interactions gènes-environnement)

Couplée à la cohorte "California Teachers Study", cette étude américaine (286 cas et 488 témoins) évalue les interactions entre des variants de gènes du métabolisme des hormones sexuelles et un traitement hormonal substitutif de la ménopause, et leur impact sur le risque de cancer de l'endomètre

• Variations in sex hormone metabolism genes, postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of endometrial cancer
  • International Journal of Cancer, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Couplée à la cohorte "California Teachers Study", cette étude américaine (286 cas et 488 témoins) évalue les interactions entre des variants de gènes du métabolisme des hormones sexuelles et un traitement hormonal substitutif de la ménopause, et leur impact sur le risque de cancer de l'endomètre

  “Variations in sex hormone metabolism genes, postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of endometrial cancer”

  • Razavi, Pedram;Lee, Eunjung;Bernstein, Leslie;Van Den Berg, David;Horn-Ross, Pamela L.;Ursin, Giske

  Abstract We investigated whether variants in sex steroid hormone metabolism genes modify the effect of hormone therapy (HT) on endometrial cancer risk in postmenopausal non-Hispanic white women. A nested case–control study was conducted within the California Teachers Study (CTS). We genotyped htSNPs in six genes involved in the hormone metabolism in 286 endometrial cancer cases and 488 controls. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated for each haplotype using unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for age. The strongest interaction was observed between duration of estrogen therapy (ET) use and haplotype 1A in CYP11A1 (pinteraction = 0.0027; pinteraction = 0.010 after correcting for multiple testing within each gene). The OR for endometrial cancer per copy of haplotype 1A was 2.00 (95% CI: 1.05–3.96) for long-term ET users and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.69–1.18) for never users. The most significant interaction with estrogen-progestin therapy (EPT) was found ...

  
  

Mots clés : Utérus (autre); Etiologie (Interactions gènes-environnement)

Menée auprès de familles américaines, cette étude cas-témoins (577 cas et 307 témoins) évalue l'association entre des polymorphismes des gènes impliqués dans le métabolisme de substances cancérigènes, la consommation de viandes rouge et blanche, et le risque de cancer colorectal

• Carcinogen metabolism genes, red meat and poultry intake, and colorectal cancer risk
  • International Journal of Cancer, sous presse, 2011 (résumé)
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  Menée auprès de familles américaines, cette étude cas-témoins (577 cas et 307 témoins) évalue l'association entre des polymorphismes des gènes impliqués dans le métabolisme de substances cancérigènes, la consommation de viandes rouge et blanche, et le risque de cancer colorectal

  “Carcinogen metabolism genes, red meat and poultry intake, and colorectal cancer risk”

  • Wang, Jun;Joshi, Amit D.;Corral, Román;Siegmund, Kimberly D.;Marchand, Loïc Le;Martinez, Maria Elena;Haile, Robert W.;Ahnen, Dennis J.;Sandler, Robert S.;Lance, Peter;Stern, Mariana C.

  Abstract Diets high in red meat are established risk factors for colorectal cancer (CRC). Carcinogenic compounds generated during meat cooking have been implicated as causal agents. We conducted a family-based case-control study to investigate the association between polymorphisms in carcinogen metabolism genes (CYP1A2 -154A>C, CYP1B1 Leu432Val, CYP2E1 -1054C>T, GSTP1 Ile105Val, PTGS2 5UTR -765, EPHX1 Tyr113His, NAT2 Ile114Thr, NAT2 Arg197Gln and NAT2 Gly286Glu) and CRC risk. We tested for gene-environment interactions using case-only analyses (N = 577) and compared statistically significant results to those obtained using case-unaffected sibling comparisons (N = 307 sibships). Our results suggested that CYP1A2 -154A>C might modify the association between intake of red meat cooked using high temperature methods and well done on the inside and CRC risk (case-only interaction OR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.19–1.97; p = 0.0008) and the association between intake of red meat heavily browned on ...

  
  

Mots clés : Colon-rectum; Etiologie (Interactions gènes-environnement)